慢性压力,神经炎症和抑郁症:病理生理机制和新兴抗炎药物的概述
Sameer Hassamal1,2,3
1California University of Sciences and Medicine, Colton, CA, United States.
Frontiers in psychiatry
|May 30, 2023
概括
慢性压力会导致神经炎症,这是抑郁症的关键因素. 了解这些炎症途径对于开发针对免疫系统的新型抑郁症治疗至关重要.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
背景情况:
- 慢性压力是神经炎症和抑郁症的病因风险因素.
- 神经炎症影响到27%的大型抑郁症 (MDD) 患者,与严重,慢性和耐治疗性疾病相关.
- 炎症具有跨诊断效应,表明心理病理和代谢障碍的共同风险因素.
研究的目的:
- 为了探索抑郁症的炎症相关性.
- 阐明连接炎症和抑郁症的病理机制.
- 促进开发新的生物标志物和抑郁症治疗方法.
主要方法:
- 对压力,HPA轴,免疫系统,细胞因子和抑郁症中神经炎症的现有研究进行审查.
- 分析将外周炎症与中央神经炎症联系起来的机制.
- 检查神经成像发现 (如MRI) 和抑郁症中神经电路功能障碍.
主要成果:
- 慢性压力导致HPA轴和外周免疫系统的失调,导致炎症性细胞因子 (IL-1β,IL-6,TNF-α) 的增加.
- 细胞因子通过破坏血脑屏障并激活质细胞,特别是微质细胞来加剧神经炎症.
- 神经炎症与海马体积减少和神经电路功能障碍有关,有助于抑郁的表型.
结论:
- 炎症在抑郁症的病理生理学中起着重要作用,具有作为治疗点的潜力.
- 针对细胞介导免疫,炎症途径和氧化应激的新型治疗方法在抑郁症治疗中表现有前途.
- 未来的临床试验应纳入免疫系统生物标志物,以指导新抗抑郁药的开发.
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