在大麻使用障碍中与工作记忆相关的大脑活动:跨文化差异在大麻态度中的作用
Emese Kroon1,2, Lauren Kuhns1,2, Karis Colyer-Patel3
1ADAPT-Laboratory, Department of Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Addiction biology
|May 30, 2023
概括
文化态度,不仅仅是大麻法律,影响大麻使用者的大脑活动. 感知到的好处和危害决定了大麻使用如何影响工作记忆,显示了荷兰和德克萨斯州之间的区域大脑差异.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 文化神经科学是一种神经科学.
- 成研究 研究成研究
背景情况:
- 不断变化的大麻立法和社会态度需要了解它们对大麻使用障碍的神经生物学影响.
- 文化神经科学强调了文化对神经生物学机制的影响,这表明大麻使用者的社会观点和大脑功能之间存在联系.
研究的目的:
- 调查不同大麻立法和文化态度如何影响与大麻使用障碍相关的大脑过程.
- 在不同文化背景下探索大麻感知益处/危害,使用量和与工作记忆相关的大脑活动之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 使用N-back工作记忆任务记录了功能性大脑活动,在100名依赖大麻使用者和84名来自荷兰和美国德克萨斯州的对照组中进行记录.
- 参与者填写了一份大麻文化问卷,从个人,社会和区域的角度评估感知到的益处和危害.
- 量化了大麻使用量,DSM-5大麻使用障碍 (CUD) 症状和相关问题.
主要成果:
- 与对照组相比,大麻使用者对大麻的个人和社会态度更为积极,特别是在德克萨斯州.
- 观察到大脑活动的区域差异:德克萨斯州的用户显示大麻使用和上叶活动之间的联系更强烈,而荷兰的用户显示出与极活动的联系.
- 地理位置 (荷兰与德克萨斯州) 和对大麻的个人/社会态度都缓和了大麻使用量和与工作记忆相关的大脑活动之间的关联.
结论:
- 文化态度,而不是立法,似乎塑造了大麻使用的神经生物学相关性及其对工作记忆的影响.
- 受到文化背景的影响,大麻的感知好处和害处会对与大麻使用量相关的大脑活动产生不同的影响.
- 了解文化细微差别对于解决大麻使用障碍及其神经基础至关重要.
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