即使是律师也不喜欢法律词汇
Eric Martínez1, Francis Mollica2, Edward Gibson1
1Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139.
概括
法律写作往往是复杂的,因为传统,而不是偏好. 简化法律文件是可行的,有利于律师和公众.
科学领域:
- 法律研究 法律研究
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 语言学的语言学.
背景情况:
- 书面法律是现代社会的基础.
- 众所周知,公众很难理解法律文件.
- 法律写作的复杂性,或"legalese",构成了理解的障碍.
研究的目的:
- 调查法律文件中使用的复杂写作风格背后的原因.
- 测试解释为什么律师使用"legalese"注册的假设.
- 评估简化法律语言对理解和可执行性的影响.
主要方法:
- 进行了两项预先注册的实验,涉及律师和平民.
- 实验1比较了复杂的"法语"和简化的法律文本的理解和回忆.
- 实验2评估了律师对可执行性的看法,并偏好简化与法语合同.
主要成果:
- 律师与非专业人士相似,他们对复杂的法律文本的理解和回忆能力有所减弱.
- 简化合同被律师评为与法律合同同等可执行的合同.
- 律师们发现简化合同在质量,风格和客户接受度方面更可取.
结论:
- 法律书写的复杂风格似乎源于方便和传统,而不是故意的偏好.
- 简化法律文件是一种实用的方法,具有显著的好处.
- 可访问的法律语言将改善所有人的理解和遵守.
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