草添加剂增加了尼古丁蒸汽采样和系统性暴露,但并没有提高小鼠的帕夫洛夫基尼古丁奖励
Theresa Patten1,2, Natalie L Johnson3, Jessica K Shaw1
1Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104.
eNeuro
|May 30, 2023
概括
电子液体中含有水果味的添加剂可能会增加尼古丁暴露,因为它们增强了感官吸引力,而不是奖励. 这项研究调查了草添加剂如何影响尼古丁.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 药理学 药理学是指药理学的学科.
- 青少年健康 青少年健康
背景情况:
- 在青少年中,尼古丁成正在上升,由电子尼古丁设备和风味电子液体驱动.
- 电子液添加剂对尼古丁奖励的感觉影响在很大程度上是未知的.
- 了解这些因素对于公共卫生干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究草风味添加剂如何影响青少年小鼠的尼古丁奖励和厌恶.
- 为了确定添加剂是否增强尼古丁的奖励作用或改变暴露.
- 探索尼古丁使用中添加剂诱导的变化背后的感官机制.
主要方法:
- 在青少年雄性和雌性小鼠中使用了有条件的位置偏好 (CPP) 程序.
- 尼古丁和草风味的添加剂通过蒸汽吸入.
- 监测呼吸以测量蒸汽采样和血中胆固醇水平.
主要成果:
- 仅仅是尼古丁蒸汽就会诱导一种剂量依赖的有条件的地方偏好.
- 草添加剂本身没有产生奖励,也没有改变尼古丁诱导的奖励.
- 暴露于尼古丁加草蒸气的小鼠表现出增加的嗅觉和更高的科提宁水平,这表明暴露增加而不是代谢改变.
结论:
- 富含化学感官的电子液体添加剂可能通过增强对蒸汽的感官感知来增加尼古丁暴露.
- 添加剂似乎通过增加蒸汽采样行为来提高尼古丁总体摄入量.
- 研究结果表明,口味添加剂增强了感官特征,导致尼古丁消费量增加.
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