低碳城市和外国直接投资流入:来自中国的证据
概括
中国的低碳城市试点政策 (LCCP) 通过降低成本和促进创新,大大吸引了外国直接投资 (FDI). 面向市场的工具是最有效的,对周边地区产生积极的溢出效应.
科学领域:
- 环境经济学环境经济学
- 城市政策分析 城市政策分析
- 国际投资国际投资国际投资
背景情况:
- 中国对"碳峰值"和"碳中和"的承诺是其生态文明战略的核心.
- 了解环境政策的经济影响对于可持续发展至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查低碳城市试点政策 (LCCP) 对中国外国直接投资 (FDI) 流入的影响.
- 分析政策工具和地理位置对外国直接投资的异质影响.
- 检查LCCP对周边城市的外国直接投资的溢出影响.
主要方法:
- 利用多期差异差异 (DID) 和中间模型,使用来自中国281个县级城市 (2006-2019) 的平衡面板数据.
- 雇佣的空间Dubin DID模型来评估溢出效应.
- 进行了培根分解和安慰剂强度测试.
主要成果:
- 通过降低合规成本和促进技术创新,LCCP显著吸引了外国直接投资.
- 以市场为导向的政策工具有效地吸引了外国直接投资,而指令强制性的工具显示了负面影响,而自愿的工具没有显著的影响.
- 该政策对东部和西部地区的外国直接投资产生了积极影响,但对中部地区的影响不大.
- 观察到LCCP对周边城市的外国直接投资流入产生了积极的溢出效应.
结论:
- 简单的LCCP是通过经济和创新道吸引外国直接投资的有效政策.
- 政策设计,特别是以市场为导向的工具的使用,对于最大限度地吸引外国直接投资至关重要.
- 该政策显示了区域的异质性和积极的溢出效应,表明其经济影响超出了试点城市的范围.
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