使用Enterococcus faecalis EstA和Rhizomucor miehei lipase在牛奶矩阵中的挥发性化合物概况的研究
María A Vélez1, Verónica I Wolf1, Martín Espariz2
1Instituto de Lactología Industrial (INLAIN, Universidad Nacional del Litoral/CONICET), Facultad de Ingeniería Química, Santiago del Estero 2829, S3000AOM, Santa Fe, Argentina.
Food research international (Ottawa, Ont.)
|May 31, 2023
概括
像Palatase这样的酶通过改变挥发性化合物来显著改变牛奶的味道. 较高的脂肪含量会促进酸的产生,而较低的脂肪则有利于 Ester,从而影响整体的味道特征.
科学领域:
- 食品科学 食品科学 食品科学
- 酶学 是一种酶学.
- 乳制品技术 乳制品技术
背景情况:
- 食品工业中的酶应用,特别是酸酶/酸酶,对于从脂肪中开发特有的芳香化合物和多样化风味至关重要.
- 了解特定酶对牛奶脂肪微观结构和挥发性化合物形成的影响,对于食品产品的开发至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 研究Enterococcus faecalis EstA酶和Rhizomucor miehei lipase (Palatase) 对牛奶中挥发性化合物概况的影响.
- 分析不同牛奶脂肪含量 (2.8%和6%) 和结构 (原生和均) 如何影响酶活性和挥发性化合物生成.
主要方法:
- 在大肠杆菌中对EstA的重组表达及其最佳活性条件的表征 (pH6.75,40°C).
- 对具有不同脂肪含量和结构的乳制品混合物的酶影响的评估,使用气相色谱-质谱 (GC-MS) 分析挥发性化合物.
- 使用动态光散射和显微镜在均化前后对牛奶脂肪微观结构的表征.
主要成果:
- 确定了15种挥发性化合物 (基,,醇,酸).
- 里索穆科尔 (Rhizomucor miehei) 的脂酶活性受到牛奶脂肪含量和微观结构的显著影响:脂肪含量较高的青酸,脂肪含量较低的青酸和平衡的形状.
- 埃斯特A酶的影响有限,仅在含脂肪量最高的同质化牛奶中,埃斯特生物合成会增加.
结论:
- 牛奶脂肪含量和微观结构在确定像Palatase这样的脂酶产生的挥发性化合物方面发挥着关键作用.
- 选择的酶和牛奶加工条件 (脂肪含量,均化) 可以量身定制,以实现乳制品中的特定风味配置文件.
- 埃斯特A酶的有限效应表明了特定的应用,或需要进一步研究牛奶中更广泛的风味修饰.
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