幼儿时期的语言贫困影响了复杂的句子结构的发展
Rachel I Mayberry1, Marla Hatrak1, Deniz Ilbasaran1
1Department of Linguistics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, USA, California.
Developmental science
|May 31, 2023
概括
早期的语言接触对于开发复杂的句子结构至关重要. 童年时期贫困的语言经验阻碍了美国手语 (ASL) 中高级语法的理解.
科学领域:
- 发展心理语言学 发展心理语言学
- 获得手语语言的获取
- 儿童语言发展 儿童语言发展
背景情况:
- 之前的研究表明,聋手语人士的句子结构发展具有关键时期,特别是在幼儿时期的末期.
- 在9岁之前有语言剥夺的聋人通常在理解复杂的语法结构方面表现出缺陷.
研究的目的:
- 测试一种假设,即贫困的语言经验会对美国手语 (ASL) 中复杂句子结构的发展产生负面影响.
- 调查早期语言接触对于掌握复杂语法所需的必要性.
主要方法:
- 一项随机的句子与图片匹配研究与参与者进行,这些参与者要么贫困,要么典型的早期语言访问.
- 参与者包括语言暴露贫困的聋手语者 (N=11),聋母语ASL手语者 (N=17) 和听力第二语言ASL学习者 (N=10).
主要成果:
- 早期语言访问贫困的聋人手语学员在复杂的ASL结构中扎,主要理解单个动词和空间关系等基本元素.
- 典型的早期语言接触的参与者,包括本地聋手语者和听力学习者,成功地理解了12个ASL句子结构的广泛范围.
- 理解是独立于诸如标志性,单词频率,ASL体验持续时间或非语言认知能力等因素.
结论:
- 儿童早期的语言经验对于复杂的语法能力的发展至关重要.
- 在早期发育期间的语言剥夺显著损害了ASL中复杂的句子结构的获取.
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