收获前玉米真菌微生物群和菌毒素污染:赞比亚不同降雨模式的案例
Bwalya Katati1,2, Pierre Schoenmakers1, Henry Njapau2
1Laborary of Genetics, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
Applied and environmental microbiology
|May 31, 2023
概括
收获前的玉米真菌成分受到天气的影响,干旱时期促进了阿斯伯吉勒斯和. 的丰富度与菌毒素水平相关,影响作物健康和安全.
科学领域:
- 农业科学 农业科学
- 菌群学 菌群学 菌群学是指菌群学
- 环境科学 环境科学
背景情况:
- 收获前的真菌生物组显著影响了玉米的健康,疾病负担和真菌毒素污染.
- 了解真菌动态对于作物安全和产量至关重要,特别是对于玉米等主食作物.
- 以前的研究还没有充分探索天气条件对收割前玉米真菌群落的影响.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究在赞比亚的收获前玉米菌群的结构.
- 为了确定天气模式,特别是降雨强度对真菌组成的影响.
- 为了将 * Fusarium * 和 * Aspergillus * 属的丰富度与玉米的烟素-B1 和亚毒素水平相关联.
主要方法:
- 在北方 (湿) 和南方 (干) 农业生态区两季40个玉米田的采样.
- 内部转录间隔器1 (ITS1) 区域的高通量DNA扩增序列测序,以识别真菌属.
- 与定义的天气变量 (降雨模式) 相关的真菌组成的分析.
主要成果:
- 检测到61种真菌属,其中*Fusarium*和*Sarocladium*是最常见的.
- 在不同降雨季节,特别是干旱季节 (S1) 之间观察到真菌组成的显著差异.
- 干旱条件 (S1) 促进了 *Meyerozyma*, *Penicillium*, *Kodamaea* 和 *Aspergillus* 的繁殖,增加了真菌的多样性.
- *Aspergillus*的丰度与阿弗拉托克辛水平相关,而*Fusarium*的丰度与富莫尼辛-B1水平相关.
结论:
- 天气模式,特别是干旱时期,显著塑造了收获前玉米菌群的组成.
- 特定的真菌属 (*Aspergillus*, *Fusarium*) 的繁殖与天气条件和真菌毒素的产生有关.
- 根据天气预报,研究结果为管理玉米中的真菌病和真菌毒素污染提供了洞察力.
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