通过一般人口和人口子组的酒精控制政策减少酒精使用:系统性审查和元分析
Carolin Kilian1, Julia M Lemp1,2, Laura Llamosas-Falcón1
1Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada.
EClinicalMedicine
|May 31, 2023
概括
税收和最低单位价格等酒精定价政策显著减少了消费. 限定的销售时间也减少了酒精摄入量,在低收入群体中观察到的影响更大.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 卫生经济学 卫生经济学
- 酒精政策研究 酒精政策研究
背景情况:
- 全球范围内,酒精消费仍然是一个重大的公共卫生问题.
- 有效的政策干预对于减轻与酒精有关的伤害至关重要.
- 了解政策对社会人口群体的影响差异对于公平的健康结果至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 估计酒精税收,最低单位价格 (MUP) 和有限的时间可用性对整体酒精消费的影响.
- 审查这些酒精政策在各种社会人口群体的不同影响.
主要方法:
- 在主要数据库 (Web of Science,Medline,PsycInfo,Embase,EconLit) 进行系统的文献搜索,寻找2000-2022年间发表的研究.
- 使用随机效应元分析,将符合条件的研究数据结合起来.
- 偏差风险使用纽卡斯尔-太华尺度进行评估.
主要成果:
- 将酒精税加倍或实施MUP (Int$ 0.90/10g纯酒精) 减少了大约10%的消费.
- 每周限制酒精销售一天,消费量减少了3.6%.
- 定价政策显示,低收入饮酒者消费减少的幅度更大.
结论:
- 酒精税,MUP和限制销售时间是减少整体酒精消费的有效策略.
- 定价政策对降低低收入群体消费的影响更为明显.
- 需要进一步的研究来了解酒精政策对不同社会人口群体的细微影响,特别是那些受酒精相关健康负担影响不成比例的人群.
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