激活对T淋巴细胞物理特征的影响
Richard E Waugh1, Elena Lomakina1, Andrea Amitrano2
1Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States.
Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology
|May 31, 2023
概括
在激活后,T细胞的机械特性发生了显著的变化,大小和抗变形能力增加. 激活的CD8+ T细胞显示出更高的皮质张力和粘度,影响微血管通道和潜在的运动性.
科学领域:
- 细胞力学 细胞力学
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 生物物理学的生物物理.
背景情况:
- 白细胞的变形性对于生理和病理生理过程至关重要.
- 了解T细胞的机械性质是理解它们在循环和组织中的行为的关键.
研究的目的:
- 量化描述T细胞和CD8+细胞的机械特性.
- 为了研究体外激活如何影响这些机械性质.
主要方法:
- 用单细胞微管管吸收来评估机械性能.
- 细胞在隔离后立即进行了测试 (原始),并在体外激活7天后进行了测试.
- 用机械模型分析了变形数据,以确定皮层张力,粘度和剪切稀释行为等参数.
主要成果:
- 细胞激活导致细胞体积增加 (约. 在200至650μm3) 之间).
- 激活的CD8+ T细胞表现出显著更高的皮质张力 (大约1. 150至250 pN/μm) 和粘度 (大约为 870 到 1,180 Pa). 这是一个很大的问题.
- 所有细胞类型都表现出剪切稀释行为;激活的细胞表现出对变形的抵抗力和初始弹性反应的增加.
结论:
- 激活的T细胞,特别是CD8+亚型,由于尺寸更大,皮质张力更高,粘度更高,因此表现出更高的机械阻力.
- 这种增加的抗性可能会损害它们通过微血管的通道,可能导致细胞陷.
- 激活细胞中增强的初始弹性反应可能表明不稳定性导致自发运动.
相关概念视频
T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection
845
T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
845
B Cell Activation and Differentiation
1.8K
The adaptive immune response, a sophisticated defense mechanism, relies on the activation and differentiation of B lymphocytes, or B cells. These processes enable our bodies to mount a tailored response against specific pathogens such as bacteria, free virus particles, toxins, and parasites.
When naive B cells encounter a specific antigen that can bind to the B cell receptor (BCR) on their surface, they undergo sensitization to respond to the antigen's presence. Sensitization begins with...
When naive B cells encounter a specific antigen that can bind to the B cell receptor (BCR) on their surface, they undergo sensitization to respond to the antigen's presence. Sensitization begins with...
1.8K
T Cell Types and Functions
1.1K
When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
1.1K
Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response
1.0K
Cytotoxic T cells are a vital component of the immune system. They have the remarkable ability to identify and target antigens on infected or abnormal cells. These antigens often originate from intracellular pathogens such as viruses or abnormal proteins cancer cells produce.
Immunological surveillance is the ability of immune cells to monitor and eliminate infected cells with intracellular pathogens, neoplastically transformed cells, and cells with non-self antigens. Cytotoxic T cells and NK...
Immunological surveillance is the ability of immune cells to monitor and eliminate infected cells with intracellular pathogens, neoplastically transformed cells, and cells with non-self antigens. Cytotoxic T cells and NK...
1.0K
Special Features of Adaptive Immunity
916
The adaptive immune system, a crucial component of the overall immune response, offers a highly specialized defense against pathogens. It involves specific cell types and features, enabling it to combat infections effectively and efficiently.
The primary cell types involved in adaptive immunity are T cells and B cells. Each type has a unique role in defending the body against pathogens. T cells are responsible for cell-mediated immunity. They identify and eliminate infected cells directly,...
The primary cell types involved in adaptive immunity are T cells and B cells. Each type has a unique role in defending the body against pathogens. T cells are responsible for cell-mediated immunity. They identify and eliminate infected cells directly,...
916
Cells of the Adaptive Immune Response
1.1K
The T and B lymphocytes of the adaptive immune system develop from common lymphoid progenitor cells in the bone marrow. These progenitors give rise to precursors that eventually develop into both T and B lymphocytes. As these precursors mature, they gain the ability to detect and respond to foreign antigens in the body, a process known as immunocompetence. Additionally, these precursors acquire self-tolerance, a process that ensures they do not react to self-antigens. This intricate system...
1.1K


