萨库拉尼丁通过消耗其有益的内生共生生物来保护大米免受棕色虫的攻击
Mengyu Liu1, Gaojie Hong2, Huijing Li1
1State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
概括
米植物通过生产抗真菌黄素 (sakuranetin) 来防御棕色植物 (BPH),这种抗真菌黄素可以抑制这种昆虫.
科学领域:
- 植物与昆虫的相互作用
- 化学生态化学生态学
- 微生物共生是微生物的共生.
背景情况:
- 草食昆虫依赖微生物内共生体来获得营养和健康.
- 植物的化学防御可能会准这些有益的共生体.
- 棕色植物 (BPH) 是一种在米中养花的害虫,它有必要的类似酵母的共生体 (YLS).
研究的目的:
- 调查米的防御是否针对棕色植物 (BPH) 的有益内共生生物.
- 为了确定参与这种防御机制的特定植物化合物.
- 阐明黄素,特别是萨库拉尼丁在植物-草食动物-微生物相互作用中的作用.
主要方法:
- 在BPH攻击时在水植物中诱导萨库拉尼丁.
- 萨库拉尼丁生物合成途径的基因操纵 (使用NOMT突变).
- 在野生类型和突变大米系上分析BPH存活率,繁殖和内共生物组成 (YLS和细菌).
- 试验室试验评估萨库拉尼丁对YLS生长的影响.
- 测量昆虫固醇水平和植物损害.
主要成果:
- BPH发作显著增加了大米中萨库拉尼丁的积累.
- 缺乏萨库拉尼丁的米植物 (nomt突变) 显示BPH卵位和化率增加.
- 食缺乏萨库拉尼丁的植物导致YLS丰富和更高的昆虫胆固醇水平.
- 萨库拉尼丁在体外直接抑制了YLS的生长.
- 对于BPH诱导的萨库拉尼丁积累,需要雅斯莫纳酸 (JA) 信号.
结论:
- 米使用一种JA诱导的抗真菌黄,萨库拉尼丁,以防御BPH草食.
- 萨库拉尼丁通过抑制BPH的基本酵母类共生体 (YLS) 的生长而起作用.
- 这项研究展示了一种针对有益昆虫内共生体的新型植物防御策略.
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