相关实验视频
Updated: Jul 28, 2025

10:43
Modeling Oral-Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma in 3D Organoids
Published on: December 23, 2022
3.4K
关键的遗传决定因素驱动食道状细胞癌的启动和免疫逃避
Kyung-Pil Ko1, Yuanjian Huang2, Shengzhe Zhang1
1Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, Division of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
Gastroenterology
|May 31, 2023
概括
丢失TP53,CDKN2A和NOTCH1基因,通过促进细胞变化和免疫逃避,启动食道状细胞癌 (ESCC). 向CCL2可能为这种癌症亚型提供新的治疗策略.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
背景情况:
- 尽管遗传学和表观遗传学研究取得了进展,食道状细胞癌 (ESCC) 的发病原因仍然不清楚.
- 了解ESCC启动机制对于开发有效治疗方法至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 使用小鼠器官模型调查ESCC启动的遗传驱动因素.
- 确定ESCC发展和免疫逃避背后的分子机制.
主要方法:
- 用CRISPR/Cas9基因编辑来准小鼠食道器官中的九个关键基因.
- 单细胞RNA测序用于分析转录基因变化和化学因子概况.
- 所有移植移植模型评估了瘤性和免疫逃避.
- 分析了人类ESCC数据集,以确定患者分层和与有机体模型的相关性.
主要成果:
- 三重淘汰TP53,CDKN2A和NOTCH1 (PCN) 诱导了食道器官中的瘤特征,细胞系异质性和可塑性.
- 通过通过CCL2-CCR2通路招募耗尽的T细胞和M2巨细胞,PCN淘汰创建了一个免疫抑制瘤微环境.
- 发现CDKN2A无活化通过核因子-κB通路对CCL2表达进行上调.
- 对人类ESCC数据的分析揭示了一种亚型,其特征是高CCL2和CD274/PD-L1表达,反映了PCN-knockout模型.
结论:
- TP53,CDKN2A和NOTCH1的损失是ESCC启动的关键驱动因素,促进瘤和免疫逃避.
- 该研究确定了一种特定的ESCC亚型,与PCN基因变异和免疫逃避标记物相关.
- CCL2阻塞为准这种PCN型ESCC提供了一个潜在的治疗策略.
相关概念视频
Cancer Prevention
6.2K
Several factors can increase the risk of cancer in an individual. About 50% of cancer cases can be prevented by adopting a healthy lifestyle, regular exercise, eating healthy, and following a modest cancer prevention diet. Epidemiological studies have consistently shown that populations with vegetable and fruit-rich diets have reduced the incidence of cancer. On the other hand, populations who have a diet rich in animal fat, red meat, junk food, or high calories are predisposed to cancer.
Some...
Some...
6.2K
Cancers Originate from Somatic Mutations in a Single Cell
12.3K
Cancer arises from mutations in the critical genes that allow healthy cells to escape cell cycle regulation and acquire the ability to proliferate indefinitely. Though originating from a single mutation event in one of the originator cells, cancer progresses when the mutant cell lines continue to gain more and more mutations, and finally, become malignant. For example, chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) develops initially as a non-lethal increase in white blood cells, which progressively...
12.3K
Esophageal Strictures-I: Introduction
183
Esophageal strictures involve abnormal narrowing or tightening of the esophagus. They vary in length and severity, ranging from mild constriction to complete obstruction, and are classified as benign (noncancerous) or malignant (cancerous).
Etiology
The primary cause of esophageal strictures is long-standing gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), accounting for about 70 to 80% of adult cases. Chronic acid reflux can lead to injury and scarring of the esophageal lining, culminating in...
Etiology
The primary cause of esophageal strictures is long-standing gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), accounting for about 70 to 80% of adult cases. Chronic acid reflux can lead to injury and scarring of the esophageal lining, culminating in...
183
Adaptive Mechanisms in Cancer Cells
5.9K
Cancer cells accumulate genetic changes at an abnormally rapid rate due to the defects in the DNA repair mechanisms. From an evolutionary perspective, such genetic instability is advantageous for cancer development. Mutant cell lines accumulate a series of beneficial mutations that contribute to their progression into cancer.
Some of the advantages that cancer cells have on normal cells include - enhanced ability to divide without terminally differentiating, induce new blood vessel formation,...
Some of the advantages that cancer cells have on normal cells include - enhanced ability to divide without terminally differentiating, induce new blood vessel formation,...
5.9K
Barrett Esophagus-I: Introduction
143
Barrett's esophagus is a medical condition where the esophageal mucosa is significantly damaged by stomach acid or other digestive fluids, often due to long-term exposure associated with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). In GERD, a weakened or abnormally relaxed lower esophageal sphincter allows stomach acid to flow persistently into the esophagus.
This constant acid exposure transforms the esophagus's pink mucosal lining (stratified squamous epithelium) into a type of lining more...
This constant acid exposure transforms the esophagus's pink mucosal lining (stratified squamous epithelium) into a type of lining more...
143
Mitogens and the Cell Cycle
6.6K
Mitogens and their receptors play a crucial role in controlling the progression of the cell cycle. However, the loss of mitogenic control over cell division leads to tumor formation. Therefore, mitogens and mitogen receptors play an important role in cancer research. For instance, the epidermal growth factor (EGF) - a type of mitogen and its transmembrane receptor (EGFR), decides the fate of the cell's proliferation. When EGF binds to EGFR, a member of the ErbB family of tyrosine kinase...
6.6K

