在喜马拉雅山脉高海拔地区的通风功能和氧气输送
Pierpaolo Prosperi1, Vittore Verratti2, Alberto Taverna3
1Department of Pneumology and Respiratory Physiopathology, S. Spirito Hospital, 66020 Pescara, Italy.
Respiratory physiology & neurobiology
|May 31, 2023
概括
在喜马拉雅山脉高海拔徒步旅行显著影响健康成年人的肺功能和血液气体. 动脉氧和和部分压力下降,而强迫呼吸量下降,表明高度呼吸功能发生变化.
科学领域:
- 生理学 生理学 生理学
- 高度医学 高度医学
- 呼吸系统科学 呼吸系统科学
背景情况:
- 高海拔环境由于氧气供应减少而带来生理挑战.
- 了解呼吸道适应和潜在的损伤对于安全的高海拔探险至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 在喜马拉雅山徒步旅行期间,评估健康个体的肺功能 (精神测量) 和动脉血液气体含量的变化.
- 评估高海拔对呼吸参数和氧和度的影响.
主要方法:
- 19名健康的意大利成年人在尼泊尔徒步旅行,在基线 (加德满都,约1400米) 和最高高度 (约5000米) 进行测量.
- 进行了螺旋测量和动脉血液气体分析,以及每天服用乙胺.
- 数据是在休息时和适应后在每个海拔高度收集的.
主要成果:
- 动脉血红蛋白和度,O2和CO2部分压力以及二碳酸盐水平显著下降 (p < 0.001).
- 强迫生命能力 (FVC) 保持稳定,但1秒内强迫呼吸量 (FEV1) 减少,降低FEV1/FVC比率 (p < 0.001).
- 氧气的部分压力是急性山病的最佳预测指标 (p = 0.004). 指脉冲氧度过估计了动脉和度.
结论:
- 高海拔低氧会改变呼吸功能和动脉氧和度.
- 降低空气密度和温度可能会导致缺氧支气管收缩.
- 仅仅脉冲氧计可能不足以在高海拔地区做出医疗决策.
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