基于细胞表面标记的捕获新抗原反应性CD8+ T细胞受体从转移性瘤消化器
Praveen D Chatani1, Frank J Lowery2, Neilesh B Parikh1
1Surgery Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
Journal for immunotherapy of cancer
|May 31, 2023
概括
从瘤透淋巴细胞 (TIL) 中识别新抗原反应性T细胞受体 (TCR) 对癌症免疫疗法至关重要. 一种新方法有效地捕获这些TCR,使得针对上皮癌的向细胞疗法的开发成为可能.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 生物技术是生物技术.
背景情况:
- 自主瘤透淋巴细胞 (TIL) 在治疗耐火性上皮癌方面表现有前途.
- 具有瘤反应性T细胞受体 (TCR) 的T细胞的基因工程是癌症免疫治疗研究的关键领域.
- 有效地识别患者特异性的新抗原反应性TIL是开发有效细胞疗法的关键需求.
研究的目的:
- 开发一种快速,可扩展和具有成本效益的方法来检测患者特异性的新抗原反应性TIL.
- 为了识别可以区分抗瘤TIL与转移性转录状态的细胞表面标记物.
- 为了验证被捕获的TCRs在工程细胞免疫疗法中潜在使用的疗效.
主要方法:
- 对31种新抗原特异性T细胞克隆型的单细胞转录组分析.
- 开发一种方法,利用CD39,PD-1和TIGIT标记物 (TILTP) 来从切除的人类瘤中捕获新抗原反应型TCR.
- 重建和分析TILTP TCRs以评估新抗原活性.
主要成果:
- TILTP TCR 隔离方法与单细胞转录基因特征的相关性很好,用于识别新抗原反应性 TCR.
- 发现至少39.5%的TILTP TCRs是新抗原反应性或瘤反应性.
- 大多数实验室扩展的TILTP群体由于克隆损失或功能缺陷而表现出受损的新抗原活性.
结论:
- 直接使用扩展的CD8+TILTP可能受到T细胞功能障碍的限制.
- 隔离TILTP提供了一种有效的方法,可以快速识别新抗原反应型TCR.
- 这种方法有助于设计针对癌症的工程细胞免疫疗法.
相关概念视频
Metastasis
Metastasis is the spread of cancer cells from the original site to distant locations in the body. Cancer cells can spread via blood vessels (hematogenous) as well as lymph vessels in the body.
Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition
The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition or EMT is a developmental process commonly observed in wound healing, embryogenesis, and cancer metastasis. EMT is induced by transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) or receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) ligands, which further...
Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition
The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition or EMT is a developmental process commonly observed in wound healing, embryogenesis, and cancer metastasis. EMT is induced by transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) or receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) ligands, which further...
T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection
T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
Tumor Immunotherapy
Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.


