主体-饮食-肠道微生物群相互作用影响人类能量平衡:一项随机临床试验
Karen D Corbin1, Elvis A Carnero1, Blake Dirks2,3
1AdventHealth Translational Research Institute, Orlando, FL, USA.
Nature communications
|May 31, 2023
概括
一种特殊的饮食 (MBD) 每天增加了116千卡的便能量损失,降低了宿主代谢能量. 这种肠道微生物干预影响了能量平衡,但没有改变食物摄入量或消耗.
科学领域:
- 人类生理学 人类生理学
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 营养科学 营养科学
背景情况:
- 肠道微生物组显著影响人类的能量平衡.
- 之前的人类研究缺乏精确的环境和饮食控制来量化微生物组的贡献.
- 控制养研究对于了解宿主-饮食-微生物群相互作用至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 量化评估肠道微生物对人类能量平衡的贡献.
- 评估微生物组增强饮食 (MBD) 对能量代谢的影响.
- 研究能量平衡调节中的宿主-饮食-微生物群相互作用.
主要方法:
- 一项对健康年轻人进行随机交叉设计的受控养研究.
- 在严格的代谢病房条件下,利用了微生物组增强饮食 (MBD) 和西方饮食 (WD).
- 测量能量摄入量,消耗量,输出量 (便和尿路),肠道微生物组成 (16S rRNA,猎枪测序),发酵产品和肠内分泌激素.
主要成果:
- 与WD相比,MBD导致平均每日便能量损失为116kcals.
- 主体代谢能量在MBD (89.5%) 和WD (95.4%) 上显著较低.
- MBD增加了微生物生物质,改变了β多样性和发酵产品,同时在肠内分泌系统发生了显著变化,但没有影响能量消耗或摄入.
结论:
- 通过通过肠道微生物组调节调节的便能量损失增加,MBD显著降低了宿主代谢能量.
- 对MBD能量平衡反应的个体间变异性部分是由便短链脂肪酸和微生物生物质解释的.
- 这些发现突出了控制人类能量平衡的复杂宿主-饮食-微生物群相互作用.
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