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相关概念视频

Transformers in Distribution System01:27

Transformers in Distribution System

131
Transformers in distribution systems can be broadly categorized into distribution substation transformers and other distribution transformers. They are crucial for stepping down high transmission voltages to levels suitable for distribution and end-user applications.
Distribution substation transformers come in various ratings and typically use mineral oil for insulation and cooling. To prevent moisture and air from entering the oil, some transformers use an inert gas like nitrogen to fill the...
131
Transformers with Off-Nominal Turns Ratios01:25

Transformers with Off-Nominal Turns Ratios

183
In scenarios involving parallel transformers with disparate ratings, developing per-unit models requires accommodating off-nominal turns ratios. This situation arises when the selected base voltages are not proportional to the transformer’s voltage ratings. Consider a transformer where the rated voltages are related by the term a. If the chosen voltage bases satisfy a relationship involving term b, term c is defined as the ratio of these bases. This ratio is then substituted into the...
183
Types Of Transformers01:16

Types Of Transformers

1.0K
Transformers can provide desired voltages to a circuit by modifying the number of turns in the secondary windings.
If the ratio of the number of turns in the secondary winding to that of the primary winding is greater than one, then the transformer is said to be a step-up transformer. In a step-up transformer, the voltage at the secondary winding is greater than the voltage applied at the primary winding.
However, if this ratio is less than one, the transformer is said to be a step-down...
1.0K
Transformers01:26

Transformers

1.1K
A device that transforms voltages from one value to another using induction is called a transformer. A transformer consists of two separate coils, or windings, wrapped around the same soft iron core. However, they are electrically insulated from each other.
The iron core has a substantial relative permeability. Therefore, the magnetic field lines generated due to the current in one winding are almost entirely confined within the core, such that the same magnetic flux permeates each turn of both...
1.1K
Reinforcement01:23

Reinforcement

295
Positive and negative reinforcement are key concepts in operant conditioning, a learning process where the consequences of a behavior affect the likelihood of that behavior being repeated.
Positive reinforcement occurs when a behavior is followed by the presentation of a rewarding stimulus, increasing the frequency of that behavior. For example:
295
The Ideal Transformer01:26

The Ideal Transformer

441
In single-phase two-winding transformers, two windings are coiled around a magnetic core characterized by cross-sectional area A and magnetic permeability μ. A phasor current i1 enters the left winding while i2 exits the right winding, establishing the fundamental working of the transformer through electromagnetic principles.
Ampere's Law forms the basis of understanding the magnetic field within the transformer. It states that the integral of the magnetic field intensity's...
441

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相关实验视频

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Generating Controlled, Dynamic Chemical Landscapes to Study Microbial Behavior
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使用变压器生成分子和政策梯度强化学习学习.

Eyal Mazuz1, Guy Shtar2, Bracha Shapira2

  • 1Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beersheba, Israel. mazuze@post.bgu.ac.il.

Scientific reports
|May 31, 2023
PubMed
概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

基于变压器的新型号Taiga加速了具有理想性质的新型分子的发现. 这种深度学习方法使用语言建模和强化学习来优化化学生成,优于现有的方法.

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科学领域:

  • 计算化学是一种计算化学.
  • 人工智能在药物发现中的作用
  • 分子建模分子建模

背景情况:

  • 由于巨大的化学空间,生成新型分子具有挑战性,通常依赖于专家直觉.
  • 深度学习模型越来越多地用于加速分子生成和识别潜在的药物候选者.

研究的目的:

  • 介绍Taiga,一种基于变压器的架构,用于生成具有特定所需性质的分子.
  • 利用一种两阶段的方法,将语言建模和强化学习结合起来,用于分子优化.

主要方法:

  • 泰加将分子生成视为一种语言建模任务,使用SMILES字符串来预测下一个令牌.
  • 在第二阶段,强化学习用于优化分子性质,例如药物相似性的定量估计 (QED).

主要成果:

  • 泰加在分子优化方面展示了与最先进的基线相当或超过的性能.
  • 在各种数据集 (包括和随机分子) 中,QED得分的改善范围从2%到20%以上.
  • 与没有强化学习的模型相比,双阶段方法显著提高了具有更高生物性质得分的分子的生成.

结论:

  • 泰加有效地产生具有优化的特性的新型分子,展示了变压器架构在化学信息学中的力量.
  • 语言建模和强化学习的结合为加速药物发现和分子设计提供了一个强大的战略.