心理病理学和心理理论在患有人格障碍的患者身上
Juliane Burghardt1, Silvia Gradl2,3,4, Magdalena Knopp1,5
1Division of Clinical Psychology, Department of Psychology and Psychodynamics, Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, Dr.-Karl-Dorrek-Straße 30, Krems an Der Donau, 3500, Austria.
抑郁症的严重程度,而不是边缘性人格障碍 (BPD) 症状,可靠地预测患者过度归因精神状态 (思维理论; ToM). 其他人格障碍也表现出类似的ToM缺陷.
科学领域:
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
- 临床心理学 临床心理学
- 认知神经科学 认知神经科学
背景情况:
- 精神障碍通常涉及心智理论 (ToM) 的受损,即推断心理状态的能力.
- 边界性人格障碍 (BPD) 与ToM缺陷有关,特别是过度归因心理状态.
- 了解人格障碍中的ToM缺陷对于有效治疗至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 在患有BPD和其他人格障碍的患者中调查ToM,BPD严重程度和抑郁症严重程度之间的关联.
- 为了确定ToM缺陷是否是BPD的特征,还是一般精神病理的标志.
- 为了比较BPD患者和混合性和其他人格障碍 (MOPD) 患者之间的ToM能力.
主要方法:
- 128名BPD患者和82名MOPD患者使用电影评估社会认知 (MASC) 评估了ToM能力.
- 使用患者健康问卷 (PHQ-9) 测量抑郁症的严重程度.
- 用边缘性人格障碍 (MSI-BPD) 的麦克林查仪器评估BPD症状严重程度.
主要成果:
- 无论是BPD症状还是抑郁症的严重程度,最初都与超过TOM有关.
- 逐步回归显示,只有抑郁症严重程度可靠地预测超过ToM.
- 在BPD和MOPD患者之间没有发现超过ToM的显著差异;年龄也是可靠的预测因素.
结论:
- 超过ToM似乎与一般的精神病理有关,而不是特定于BPD症状.
- 患有MOPD的患者表现出与BPD患者所见的相似的ToM缺陷.
- 这些发现表明,一般心理健康对人格障碍中的社会认知有更广泛的影响.
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