关于基于一致性和不一致性的诊断准确度测量与切割点标准,用于基于一致性和不一致性的普通疾病分类
Jing Kersey1, Hani Samawi1, Jingjing Yin1
1Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Environmental Sciences, Jiann-Ping Hsu College of Public Health, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro.
Journal of applied statistics
|June 1, 2023
概括
这项研究引入了多阶段疾病的新诊断准确度度 (CD),改善了最佳切割点选择. 与现有方法相比,CD措施提供了更好的分类准确性和平衡性,有助于疾病分期和生物标志物选择.
科学领域:
- 生物统计学 生物统计学
- 医学诊断 医学诊断 医学诊断
- 生物标志物发现发现
背景情况:
- 诊断测试的准确性对于疾病的分期至关重要.
- 现有措施存在局限性,特别是在多阶段疾病和最佳切割点选择方面.
- 基于生物标志物的诊断需要精确的切割点来分类疾病的严重程度.
研究的目的:
- 提出一种新的诊断准确度测量方法和最佳切割点选择方法 (CD),用于k阶段疾病.
- 用模拟来评估CD测量的性能与现有方法相比.
- 展示CD测量在阿尔茨海默病诊断生物标志物选择中的应用.
主要方法:
- 开发了一种新的诊断准确度测量 (CD) 基于对应和不对应的k阶段疾病.
- 使用分类协议和测试结果和疾病阶段之间的分歧.
- 进行功率模拟,将CD与现有方法进行比较.
- 将CD测量应用到ANDI数据集中的阿尔茨海默病生物标志物选择.
主要成果:
- 在某些场景中,CD测量在检测假设之间的差异方面表现出更强的能力.
- 基于CD的最佳切割点选择产生了比现有措施更高的正确分类率.
- 与通用Youden指数 (GYI) 相比,CD提供了更平衡的准确分类率.
结论:
- 拟议的CD措施为评估多阶段疾病的诊断准确性提供了一种有效的方法.
- CD有助于改进最佳切点选择,提高分类准确性和平衡性.
- CD测量是生物标志物发现和疾病分期的宝贵工具,正如阿尔茨海默病诊断中所示的那样.
相关概念视频
Receiver Operating Characteristic Plot
285
A ROC (Receiver Operating Characteristic) plot is a graphical tool used to assess the performance of a binary classification model by illustrating the trade-off between sensitivity (true positive rate) and specificity (false positive rate). By plotting sensitivity against 1 - specificity across various threshold settings, the ROC curve shows how well the model distinguishes between classes, with a curve closer to the top-left corner indicating a more accurate model. The area under the ROC curve...
285
Kendall's Coefficient of Concordance
435
Kendall's Coefficient of Concordance (W), also known as Kendall's W, is a non-parametric statistical measure used to assess the agreement or concordance between multiple raters or judges when they rank a set of items. It is often used when you have ordinal data (ranks) and you want to see if there is consistency or consensus among the raters. It is widely applied in research areas such as psychology, medicine, and social sciences, where multiple judges are asked to rank or rate subjects...
435
Sensitivity, Specificity, and Predicted Value
517
In healthcare diagnostics, laboratory tests play a crucial role in identifying and diagnosing a wide range of medical conditions. However, interpreting test results is not always straightforward. An abnormal test result does not always confirm the presence of a disease, just as a normal result does not guarantee its absence. To assess the reliability of these diagnostic tools, healthcare practitioners rely on two key statistical indicators: sensitivity and specificity.
Sensitivity is the...
Sensitivity is the...
517
Ordinal Level of Measurement
24.9K
The way a set of data is measured is called its level of measurement. Correct statistical procedures depend on a researcher being familiar with levels of measurement. For analysis, data are classified into four levels of measurement—nominal, ordinal, interval, and ratio.
Data measured using an ordinal scale are similar to nominal scale data, but there is one major difference. The ordinal scale data can be ordered. An example of ordinal scale data is a list of the top five national parks...
Data measured using an ordinal scale are similar to nominal scale data, but there is one major difference. The ordinal scale data can be ordered. An example of ordinal scale data is a list of the top five national parks...
24.9K
Classification of Illness
7.6K
The meaning of illness is individualized to each person who experiences an alteration in health. In contrast, disease is a medical term indicating a pathological change in the structure and function of the body or mind. It is a condition that has specific symptoms and boundaries.
An illness is a response to a disease in which the person's level of functioning is changed compared with a previous level. The general classification of illness includes acute and chronic.
Acute illness is severe...
An illness is a response to a disease in which the person's level of functioning is changed compared with a previous level. The general classification of illness includes acute and chronic.
Acute illness is severe...
7.6K
Odds Ratio
191
The odds ratio (OR) is a statistical measure used extensively in epidemiology and research to quantify the strength of association between exposure and outcome across different groups. Unlike relative risk, which compares the probabilities of an event occurring, the odds ratio compares the odds of an event occurring in the exposed group to the odds of it occurring in the unexposed group. The odds, in this context, are calculated as the probability of the event happening divided by the...
191


