哺乳动物中红细胞的原生和演变
1Dipartimento di Scienze, Università Roma Tre, 00146 Roma, Italy.
The Journal of experimental biology
|June 1, 2023
概括
哺乳动物红细胞大小 (平均体积) 与新陈代谢率有关,而不是直接与身体质量有关. 血球蛋白与氧的亲和力会影响红细胞的大小,影响不同环境中的氧气供应.
科学领域:
- 比较生理学比较生理学
- 哺乳动物血液学
- 进化生物学是进化的生物学.
背景情况:
- 哺乳动物血液学参数的全度测量已经研究了几十年.
- 红细胞大小 (平均体积,MCV) 是一个关键变量,因为血红素和血红蛋白相对恒定.
- 之前对MCV和体重相关性的研究产生了相互矛盾的结果.
研究的目的:
- 研究哺乳动物的平均体积 (MCV) 和体重之间的关系.
- 为了确定MCV变化的间接驱动因素.
- 探索新陈代谢率和血红蛋白与氧的亲和力在调节红细胞大小中的作用.
主要方法:
- 用基因学知情的回归来分析相关性.
- 哺乳动物物种之间的比较分析,包括低氧适应和Ruminantia群.
- 检查MCV,体重,基本代谢率和血红蛋白与氧的亲和力之间的关系.
主要成果:
- MCV与体重之间的相关性是间接的,由基础代谢率介导.
- 小红细胞有助于在高需求组织中快速释放氧气.
- 适应过氧的物种表现出更大的MCV,而不是由代谢率预测,而Ruminantia显示相反,与血红蛋白-氧气亲和力相关.
结论:
- 血球蛋白与氧的亲和力作为一种生物约束,决定红细胞大小.
- 异质因子的适应调整血红蛋白-氧的亲和力以适应代谢需求.
- 升高的血红蛋白与氧的亲和力有助于低氧环境的殖民化,而Ruminantia的亲和力下降缺乏明确的适应性解释.
更多相关视频
08:31Identification and Isolation of Burst-Forming Unit and Colony-Forming Unit Erythroid Progenitors from Mouse Tissue by Flow Cytometry
Published on: November 4, 2022
3.1K
09:40Identification of a Murine Erythroblast Subpopulation Enriched in Enucleating Events by Multi-spectral Imaging Flow Cytometry
Published on: June 6, 2014
12.6K
相关概念视频
01:29Structure and Function of Erythrocytes
2.0K
There are between 4.2 and 6 million erythrocytes, also known as red blood cells, in every microliter of blood. These cells are small, flattened biconcave discs with centers that are depressed.
The erythrocyte plasma membrane is associated with proteins such as spectrin, which forms a flexible cytoplasmic meshwork. This meshwork allows erythrocytes to twist, turn, become cup-shaped, and regain their biconcave shape as they pass through narrow capillaries. Additionally, erythrocytes can form...
The erythrocyte plasma membrane is associated with proteins such as spectrin, which forms a flexible cytoplasmic meshwork. This meshwork allows erythrocytes to twist, turn, become cup-shaped, and regain their biconcave shape as they pass through narrow capillaries. Additionally, erythrocytes can form...
2.0K
01:22Lifecycle of Erythrocytes
2.0K
Erythrocytes, also known as red blood cells, constantly move through blood capillaries. As a result, they damage their plasma membrane due to the continuous friction. Typically, after 100 to 120 days, erythrocytes become rigid and fragile as they wear out. As they pass through small vessels in the spleen and liver, they can get trapped and break apart into fragments.
The resident phagocytic macrophages deal with these damaged cells by engulfing them and separating their globin and heme groups....
The resident phagocytic macrophages deal with these damaged cells by engulfing them and separating their globin and heme groups....
2.0K
01:14Erythropoiesis
4.4K
Red blood cells (RBCs) transport oxygen to all body tissues. These cells survive only for 120 days and then need to be replenished. Erythropoiesis is the process of RBC production. In healthy individuals, erythropoiesis ensures all tissues are amply supplied with oxygen. In addition, blood loss due to injury leads to a drop in the physiological oxygen level that will cause erythropoiesis. Any defect in erythropoiesis leads to several physiological disorders, including thalassemia, anemia,...
4.4K
02:31Synteny and Evolution
3.3K
John H. Renwick first coined the term “synteny” in 1971, which refers to the genes present on the same chromosomes, even if they are not genetically linked. The species with common ancestry tend to show conserved syntenic regions. Therefore, the concept of synteny is nowadays used to describe the evolutionary relationship between species.
Around 80 million years ago, the human and mice lineages diverged from the common ancestor. During the course of evolution, the ancestral...
Around 80 million years ago, the human and mice lineages diverged from the common ancestor. During the course of evolution, the ancestral...
3.3K
02:37Gene Duplication and Divergence
6.2K
The seminal work of Ohno in 1970 popularized the idea of gene duplication and divergence. DNA sequence comparison studies reveal that a large portion of the genes in bacteria, archaebacteria, and eukaryotes was generated by gene duplication and divergence, indicating its critical role in evolution.
The duplicated copies of the gene are called Paralogs. Paralogs with similar sequences and functions form a gene family. Across several species, a large number of gene families are...
The duplicated copies of the gene are called Paralogs. Paralogs with similar sequences and functions form a gene family. Across several species, a large number of gene families are...
6.2K
01:24Eukaryotic Evolution
35.2K
The endosymbiont theory is the most widely accepted theory of eukaryotic evolution; however, its progression is still somewhat debated. According to the nucleus-first hypothesis, the ancestral prokaryote first evolved a membrane to enclose DNA and form the nucleus. Conversely, the mitochondria-first hypothesis suggests that the nucleus was formed after endosymbiosis of mitochondria.
Contrary to the endosymbiont theory, the eukaryote-first hypothesis proposes that the simpler prokaryotic and...
Contrary to the endosymbiont theory, the eukaryote-first hypothesis proposes that the simpler prokaryotic and...
35.2K