两个行动任务,测试 (Nestor notabilis) 的模仿社会学习
Elisabeth Suwandschieff1, Amelia Wein2, Remco Folkertsma2,3
1Haidlhof research station, Comparative Cognition, Messerli Research Institute, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria. Elisabeth.Suwandschieff@vetmeduni.ac.at.
Animal cognition
|June 1, 2023
概括
基亚鸟类表现出社会学习效应,观察者比对照者更快地探索. 然而,这项研究没有发现凯亚的运动模仿的证据,而是暗示了可能的仿真.
科学领域:
- 动物行为 动物行为
- 认知行为学认知行为学.
- 社会学习机制社会学习机制
背景情况:
- 社会学习减少了与试错学习相关的风险.
- 模仿是一种认知上苛刻的社会学习过程,涉及高保真响应匹配.
- 之前的研究表明,在小玩具中模仿运动.
研究的目的:
- 用kea (Nestor notabilis) 来复制一项关于虫的运动模仿的研究.
- 调查在解决问题的行为中的社会学习和潜在的模仿.
- 探索kea是否表现出运动模仿或其他社会学习策略.
主要方法:
- 十八个kea观察了一个训练有素的演示者执行一个任务,涉及测试盒和取消塞.
- 测量了反应持续时间 (跳转到养) 和移除延迟.
- 观察鱼被与没有观察鱼的对照组进行了比较.
主要成果:
- 与对照组相比,观察kea显示反应持续时间和删除延迟时间缩短.
- 没有确的证据表明基亚的运动模仿被发现,不像在budgerigars.
- 对勘探率的强烈社会影响表明了动机和注意力的转变.
结论:
- 凯亚展示了社会学习,通过改变的探索率和任务参与度证明了这一点.
- 这些发现表明,在kea中,模仿可能比运动模仿更倾向于模仿.
- 凯亚可能会选择性地应用模仿或偏爱其他社会学习策略.
相关概念视频
01:06Fixed Action Patterns
A fixed action pattern (FAP) is a specific, hard-wired sequence of behaviors that occurs in response to an external stimulus, called a sign stimulus. The behavior is “fixed” because it is essentially unchangeable—proceeding similarly across individuals of a species every time it occurs.
01:13Nonconscious Mimicry
Nonconscious mimicry occurs when individuals alter their mannerisms to match the behaviors and expressions of those nearby, without intention.
01:12Observational Learning
Albert Bandura's observational learning, also known as imitation or modeling, occurs when a person observes and imitates another's behavior. It is a quicker process than operant conditioning. A well-known example is the Bobo doll study, where children who saw an adult acting aggressively towards the doll were more likely to act aggressively when left alone, compared to those who observed a nonaggressive adult. Many psychologists view observational learning as a form of latent learning because...