在消除和恢复受歧视的操作者行为的部分强化灭绝和遗漏效应
1Vermont Center on Behavior and Health, Department of Psychological Science, University of Vermont.
概括
强化学习的时间表会影响人类的行为如何快速地被忘记和重新学习. 部分强化训练导致操作行为的消失和更新速度较慢,无论环境如何.
科学领域:
- 行为心理学 行为心理学
- 操作者调节 操作者调节
- 学习和记忆的学习和记忆
背景情况:
- 了解强化学习历史如何影响行为变化在行为心理学中至关重要.
- 部分增强灭绝效应 (PREE) 表明间歇增强后的灭绝速度较慢.
- 已灭绝的行为 (更新) 的上下文依赖恢复是一个记录良好的现象.
研究的目的:
- 调查训练强化计划 (连续或部分) 对消除和恢复人类操作行为的影响.
- 检查环境在不同强化计划下训练的响应的灭绝和更新中的作用.
- 评估培训强化计划是否同样影响在灭绝和遗漏突发事件下消除响应.
主要方法:
- 三项实验涉及人类参与者学习歧视性操作反应.
- 操纵训练增强计划:持续增强 (CRF) 与部分增强 (PRF).
- 在不同的环境中使用灭绝或遗漏应急情况消除响应,然后在原始和新环境中进行测试.
主要成果:
- 观察到部分强化灭绝效应 (PREE),受PRF训练的参与者表现出更慢的灭绝.
- 一贯发现ABA更新,在原始训练环境中测试时,灭的行为被恢复.
- 在疏忽训练期间,在PRF训练的组中观察到类似的缓慢反应下降,这表明"PRF疏忽效应".
结论:
- 训练强化计划显著影响反应消除率和行为更新现象.
- 部分强化对灭绝和遗漏的影响在不同环境中似乎是一致的.
- 灭绝和遗漏事件都表明,强化历史和上下文因素对于理解人类仪器行为至关重要.
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