罕见的透突变会导致常见疾病的严重风险
Petko P Fiziev1, Jeremy McRae1, Jacob C Ulirsch1
1Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Illumina, Inc., San Diego, CA 92122, USA.
概括
罕见,高影响的基因突变强烈影响复杂的特征和疾病. 这些罕见变异比常见变异更好地表明严重的早期疾病的极端风险,改善了跨人群的遗传风险预测.
科学领域:
- 遗传学
- 基因组医学
- 复杂的遗传学
背景情况:
- 全基因组关联研究 (GWAS) 已经确定了与复杂的特征和疾病相关的众多常见变异.
- 常见变异的累积效应通常解释了许多复杂疾病的遗传性的一小部分.
- 罕见,高度透的变种在疾病风险和表型极端的作用仍然是一个活跃的研究领域.
研究的目的:
- 调查与复杂特征和疾病相关的基因常见变异相比,罕见的透突变的影响大小.
- 开发和评估基于罕见变异组合的遗传风险模型.
- 评估这种罕见变异模型在不同人群中的可移植性和临床实用性.
主要方法:
- 对454712个外体进行分析以确定罕见和常见的变异.
- 罕见的透突变和与表型相关的基因内的常见变异之间的效应大小比较.
- 一个统一的遗传风险模型的开发,包括多个基因的罕见变异.
- 评估模型在全球不同人群中的性能和可移植性.
主要成果:
- 与相同基因的常见变异相比,GWAS涉及的罕见突变具有大约10倍的效果.
- 通过少数罕见变体更好地识别出表型极端和严重早期疾病的高风险个体.
- 与常见变异多基因风险得分相比,统一的罕见变异遗传风险模型在不同人群中显示出更好的可移植性.
结论:
- 罕见的透变异在决定极端表型结果和严重疾病风险方面发挥着比以前更重要的作用.
- 将罕见的变异组合到统一的模型中可以提高遗传风险预测的准确性和临床效用.
- 这种方法提高了全球不同祖先的可移植性和适用性,进步了精确医学.
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