使用随机对照试验来估计儿童喘社区干预措施的影响
W Dana Flanders1, Tursynbek A Nurmagambetov2, Cheryl R Cornwell2,3
1Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia.
Preventing chronic disease
|June 1, 2023
概括
一种新方法使用随机对照试验 (RCT) 来估计扩大喘干预措施如何减少喘不良事件 (AAE). 这种方法有助于预测喘计划对紧急诊所和住院治疗的影响.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
背景情况:
- 喘是一个主要的公共卫生问题,导致许多急诊室 (ED) 访问和住院治疗儿童.
- 疾病控制和预防中心的倡议旨在通过基于证据的干预措施显著减少这些事件.
- 需要准确的方法来估计计划和现有的喘计划的影响.
研究的目的:
- 开发和说明一种方法来计算喘干预措施对喘不良事件 (AAE) 的预期影响.
- 通过使用随机对照试验 (RCT) 数据,估计由于扩大了对喘干预措施的访问范围而导致的AAE率的变化.
主要方法:
- 利用反事实论证来得出一个公式来估计通过干预阻止的AAE的数量.
- 该公式包括当前的AAE率,干预准入的增加,以及来自RCT的率比.
- 应用该方法来估计喘自我管理教育对急救诊所和住院治疗的影响.
主要成果:
- 展示了一种估计扩大喘干预措施获取效果的公式.
- 一个例子表明,向20%的患者提供喘自我管理教育,可以使每年ED访问减少约1643次,并将住院治疗从2639次减少到617次.
结论:
- 拟议的方法有效地估计了扩大喘干预措施在社区层面的影响.
- 这种方法利用RCT的强有力的证据来预测AAE的减少,为控制喘的公共卫生战略提供信息.
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