骨科手术后的术后恶心和吐:患病率和相关因素
Figen Erol Ursavaş1,2,3, Altun Baksi1,2,3, Emine Sarıca1,2,3
1Figen Erol Ursavaş, PhD, MSc, BSN, Associate Professor, Department of Surgical Nursing, Faculty of Health Science, Çankırı Karatekin University, Çankırı, Turkey.
Orthopedic nursing
|June 1, 2023
概括
手术后恶心和吐 (PONV) 影响了近一半的骨科手术患者. 关键的风险因素包括女性性别,年龄较大,手术时间较长和焦虑,需要更密切的监测.
科学领域:
- 麻醉学 麻醉学
- 整形外科手术 整形外科手术
- 患者的治疗结果.
背景情况:
- 手术后恶心和吐 (PONV) 是手术后的常见并发症.
- PONV可能导致延长住院时间和增加医疗保健费用.
- 确定骨科手术中PONV流行率和风险因素对于改善患者护理至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了确定在接受骨科手术的患者中PONV的发病率.
- 在这个患者群体中确定与PONV相关的人口,临床和心理因素.
主要方法:
- 采用了一种描述性,横截面的研究设计.
- 在2020年11月至2021年7月期间,从土耳其一家公立医院的149名患者收集了数据.
- 统计分析发现了PONV的重大风险因素.
主要成果:
- 在骨科手术后48小时内,恶心的患病率为40.9%,吐率为17.4%.
- PONV的重要危险因素包括女性性别,晚年,特定的医学诊断,延长的手术时间,术后使用阿片类药物和焦虑.
- 在这些因素和PONV发病率之间发现了统计学上显著的关联 (p < .05).
结论:
- 在骨科手术患者中,PONV是一个相当大的问题.
- 患者人口统计学,手术特征和心理状态等因素显著影响PONV风险.
- 建议针对高风险患者 (老年人,女性,焦虑症患者,更长的手术时间) 进行有针对性的监测和干预,以减轻PONV.
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