垃圾填埋场是微塑料污染的关键来源,并拥有各种塑料生物降解微生物物种和酶:大规模垃圾填埋场的研究,中国
Xiaoxing Lin1, Shanshan Zhang2, Shu Yang3
1School of resources and environmental engineering, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China; Anhui Shengjin Lake Wetland Ecology National Long-term Scientific Research Base, Dongzhi, 247230, China.
Journal of hazardous materials
|June 1, 2023
概括
垃圾填埋场含有微塑料 (MPs),这些微塑料随着深度的增加而分解. 研究人员在垃圾填埋垃圾和液中发现了塑料降解细菌和酶,揭示了生物修复的潜力.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 废物管理 废物管理
背景情况:
- 微塑料 (MP) 是来自塑料废弃物的普遍污染物.
- 垃圾填埋场储存大量塑料废物,是MP和其生物降解的研究不足的来源.
- 有限的知识存在MP的分布和塑料在垃圾填埋场中的生物降解潜力.
研究的目的:
- 在不同深度的垃圾填埋场垃圾中调查MPs的分布 (丰度,大小,形态,聚合物类型).
- 为了识别垃圾填埋场泄漏中的塑料生物降解物种和酶.
- 评估垃圾填埋场深度对MP特性的影响,并推断塑料降解.
主要方法:
- 对来自中国深大型垃圾填埋场的废物样本中的国会议员进行分析.
- 来自七个中国垃圾填埋场的漂水中的塑料生物降解酶的评估.
- 统计分析 (对矩阵进行多重回归),以确定影响MP分布的因素.
主要成果:
- MP的丰度范围从81到133个项目/g,尺寸从0.03到5毫米 (平均1.2毫米).
- 碎片和纤维素是主要的形态和聚合物类型.
- 垃圾填埋场深度与较大的MP (1-5毫米) 有负相关,与较小的MP (<0.2毫米) 有正相关,表明分解.
- 鉴定出了能够降解特定塑料的 Lysinibacillus massiliensis 和 Pseudomonas stutzeri 菌株.
- 75种塑料降解物种和31种向24种塑料的酶在垃圾填埋场的液中被发现.
结论:
- 垃圾填埋场深度显著影响微塑料的分布,这表明现场塑料降解.
- 在垃圾填埋场中存在塑料降解细菌和酶,为生物修复策略提供了潜力.
- 对垃圾填埋场微生物群落的进一步研究可以优化塑料废物管理.
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