与年龄相关的特征焦虑的减少:行为和神经证据表明,消极面部情绪处理中的自动性
Shefali Chaudhary1, Sheng Zhang1, Simon Zhornitsky1
1Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06519, United States.
NeuroImage
|June 1, 2023
概括
焦虑随着年龄的增长而减少,这是由于负面情绪的自动处理,而不是更好的情绪调节. 老年人看负面刺激时表现出更快的反应时间和减少的大脑活动.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 衰老研究研究 衰老研究
背景情况:
- 特征焦虑通常随着年龄的增长而减少,可能是由于情绪刺激处理或情绪调节的变化.
- 以前的研究表明,与年龄相关的注册突出刺激的下降或情绪调节的增强可能解释了这一现象.
研究的目的:
- 调查与年龄相关的特征焦虑减少背后的神经机制.
- 测试关于与年龄相关的刺激注册和增强情绪调节的下降假设.
主要方法:
- 功能性磁共振成像 (fMRI) 用于研究88名21-85岁的成年人使用哈里里任务.
- 分析了与年龄和情绪刺激相关的行为数据 (反应时间) 和大脑活动.
主要成果:
- 焦虑与年龄有负相关性.
- 年龄较大与更快的反应时间和负面情绪面部中介前额叶皮层 (背部和面部前带皮层) 的激活减少有关.
- 与情绪调节假设有关的前额叶皮层激活没有发现与年龄相关的显著差异.
结论:
- 这些发现不支持与年龄相关的刺激注册或增强情绪调节的下降假设.
- 结果表明,与年龄相关的自动性在处理负面情绪方面是减少焦虑的机制.
- 增加的自动性与更快的反应时间和对负面刺激的前带环活动减少有关,与默认模式网络的连接性更高.
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