儿童的认知表现和自杀风险到中年成人期
Pablo Vidal-Ribas1,2, Theemeshni Govender1, Jing Yu1
1Social and Behavioral Sciences Branch, Division of Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
概括
儿童时代认知能力较低与生命后期自杀风险增加有关. 这表明早期的认知发育可能在终身自杀脆弱性中发挥作用.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
背景情况:
- 纵向研究将较低的青少年和早期成年人的认知表现与增加的成人自杀风险联系起来.
- 关于儿童自杀的认知脆弱性的研究是有限的,并显示出不一致的发现.
研究的目的:
- 调查童年认知表现与后来的自杀死亡率之间的关联.
- 为了确定是否认知易受自杀的脆弱性起源于幼儿时期.
主要方法:
- 利用了49853名协作周产期项目队列 (出生于1959年至1966年) 的个人数据.
- 将队列数据链接到国家死亡指数,以了解至2016年的生命状态.
- 采用考克斯的比例危险模型来评估与自杀死亡有关的4岁和7岁的智力和学术技能 (ICD-9/10).
- 根据社会人口统计学和产前因素进行调整.
主要成果:
- 儿童的认知表现,特别是7岁时的口头智力和学术技能,与增加的自杀风险有关.
- 在调整之前,口头智力和阅读技能显示出显著的关联 (HRs从1.97到2.02).
- 在调整社会人口统计学和产前因素后,关联仍然很重要,尽管危险比率减弱了.
结论:
- 儿童的神经认知表现与中年成人自杀死亡率的脆弱性有关.
- 研究结果表明,自杀的潜在认知解剖起源于幼儿时期.
- 进一步的研究应该探索各种儿童认知领域如何促进自杀风险,以及其与社会/环境因素的相互作用.
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