胆固醇的脂肪酸成分反映了多国人口中饮食干预后的饮食脂肪摄入量
Dominic Salamone1, Giovanni Annuzzi2, Bengt Vessby3
1Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University Medical School, Naples, Italy.
Journal of clinical lipidology
|June 1, 2023
概括
血清胆固醇脂肪酸 (FA) 成分反映了饮食中的脂肪摄入量,在临床试验中作为生物标志物,用于遵守和脂肪,单不和脂肪和鱼油干预措施.
科学领域:
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 生物化学 生物化学
- 心血管健康 心血管健康
背景情况:
- 各种饮食脂肪酸 (FA) 对心血管风险的确切影响尚不清楚.
- 血脂组成可以作为饮食FA摄入量的生物标志物.
研究的目的:
- 调查不同人群中饮食脂肪消耗的变化与血清胆固醇 FA水平的变化之间的关系.
- 评估血清胆固醇 FA 组成作为控制养研究中饮食坚持的生物标志物的实用性.
主要方法:
- 一个跨国,平行设计的饮食干预 (KANWU研究) 涉及162名健康个体.
- 参与者被随机分配到高和脂肪 (SFA) 或单不和脂肪 (MUFA) 的饮食中,第二次随机分配到鱼油或安慰剂补充剂中.
- 在基线和3个月后分别使用3天的食物记录和气液色谱分析了饮食摄入量和血清胆固醇 FA 组成.
主要成果:
- 血清脂质配置文件显示出基于饮食的明显差异,与SFA摄入量相关的米里斯酸 (C14:0) 和达卡诺酸 (C15:0) 以及与MUFA摄入量相关的油酸 (C18:1 n-9).
- 鱼油补充剂显著增加了eicosapentaenoic (C20:5 n-3) 和docosahexaenoic (C22:6 n-3) 酸.
- 用C16:1/C16:0比率表示的Δ-9脱酶活性在MUFA饮食后显著降低,与SFA饮食相比.
结论:
- 血清胆固醇 FA 组成作为一个客观的测量遵守实验性饮食.
- 这种生物标志物在随机对照试验中很有价值,涉及和和单不和脂肪摄入量的修改,以及鱼油补充.
相关概念视频
Cholesterol: Significance and Regulation
608
Although not a source of energy, cholesterol plays a significant role as a foundational structure for bile salts, steroid hormones, and vitamin D, as well as being a crucial component of plasma membranes. Approximately 15% of blood cholesterol is derived from our diet, with the remainder synthesized from acetyl CoA by the liver and intestines. Cholesterol is eliminated from the body through its conversion into bile salts, which are eventually discarded in the feces.
Considering cholesterol and...
Considering cholesterol and...
608
Lipids: Dietary Sources and Requirements
872
Lipids are an essential component of a balanced human diet. Triglycerides, which make up the majority of dietary lipids, are found in both saturated fats—commonly present in meat, dairy products, and certain tropical plants like coconut, and hydrogenated oils such as margarine and baking shortenings (trans fats)—and unsaturated fats, which are abundant in seeds, nuts, olive oil, and most vegetable oils. The main sources of cholesterol include egg yolks, various meats and organ...
872
Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System III: Serum Lipid Profile
205
Understanding serum lipids is crucial for maintaining cardiovascular health and preventing heart disease and stroke.
Serum lipids are fats and fatty substances in the blood and are crucial for various bodily functions, including energy storage, cellular structure, and hormone production. Serum lipids consist of cholesterol, triglycerides, and phospholipids.
Cholesterol is a soft, fat-like substance found in all body cells. It is crucial for producing hormones, vitamin D, and substances that aid...
Serum lipids are fats and fatty substances in the blood and are crucial for various bodily functions, including energy storage, cellular structure, and hormone production. Serum lipids consist of cholesterol, triglycerides, and phospholipids.
Cholesterol is a soft, fat-like substance found in all body cells. It is crucial for producing hormones, vitamin D, and substances that aid...
205
Overview of Fatty Acid Metabolism
30.9K
Lipids also are sources of energy that power cellular processes. Like carbohydrates, lipids are composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, but these atoms are arranged differently. Most lipids are nonpolar and hydrophobic. Major types include fats and oils, waxes, phospholipids, and steroids.
Fatty acids are catabolized in a process called beta-oxidation, which takes place in the matrix of the mitochondria and converts their fatty acid chains into two-carbon units of acetyl groups. The acetyl...
Fatty acids are catabolized in a process called beta-oxidation, which takes place in the matrix of the mitochondria and converts their fatty acid chains into two-carbon units of acetyl groups. The acetyl...
30.9K
Lipid-derived Compounds in the Human Body
4.4K
Fats and lipids are crucial components in the human body. Some lipid-derived compounds, such as fat-soluble vitamins, eicosanoids, lipoproteins, and glycolipids, also play unique roles to support various biological processes .
Fat-soluble Vitamins
Fat-soluble vitamins, including vitamins A, D, E, and K, are required in minimal quantities, but their deficiencies can lead to severely abnormal physiological conditions. For example, vitamin A deficiency can cause night blindness, dry skin,...
Fat-soluble Vitamins
Fat-soluble vitamins, including vitamins A, D, E, and K, are required in minimal quantities, but their deficiencies can lead to severely abnormal physiological conditions. For example, vitamin A deficiency can cause night blindness, dry skin,...
4.4K
Lipid Absorption
550
Dietary triglycerides from chyme in the duodenum are mixed with bile salts produced by the liver to emulsify fats. As a result, large droplets are broken down into smaller ones, increasing the surface area for enzymatic action. Once emulsified, pancreatic lipases hydrolyze the triglycerides into free fatty acids and monoglycerides.
These breakdown products bind with bile salts and lecithin to form micelles, which quickly pass between microvilli to come in close contact with the apical...
These breakdown products bind with bile salts and lecithin to form micelles, which quickly pass between microvilli to come in close contact with the apical...
550


