认知抑制能力解释了性别空间关联的个体间变异性
Aitor Calvente1, Carmen Noguera1,2, Dolores Álvarez1,2
1Department of Psychology, University of Almería, Almería, Spain.
Frontiers in psychology
|June 2, 2023
概括
这项研究表明,人们在精神上空间地组织性别信息,将女性与左边和男性与右边联系起来. 这种性别空间关联甚至在性别不是任务的明确焦点时也被观察到.
科学领域:
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 社会认知是指社会认知.
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
背景情况:
- 响应代码的空间-数值关联 (SNARC) 效应表明了数字和空间表示之间的联系.
- 研究表明,空间表征扩展到其他领域,包括性别等社会刺激.
- 以前的研究表明,性别的垂直空间组织,男性通常与上层空间和女性与下层空间相关联.
研究的目的:
- 复制和扩展关于心理性别线效应的发现,探索响应手协会 (女性-左,男性-右).
- 调查抑制控制对性别空间关联的影响.
- 为了确定性别空间的关联是否基于明确与隐含的性别任务而有所不同.
主要方法:
- 通过使用各种刺激 (面孔,名字,物体) 和任务,进行了三项实验.
- 实验1涉及明确的性别识别面孔和名字.
- 实验2和实验3分别包含了Stroop任务和箭头方向任务,以评估隐含的性别处理和抑制控制.
主要成果:
- 在所有实验中都发现了基于性别的刺激的一致空间心理表现,而不管是有意识的感知.
- 发现抑制能力与性别空间线效应的大小相关.
- 结果证实了心理性别线的存在,支持了先前的研究.
结论:
- 这项研究证实了性别信息的强有力的空间心理组织,甚至隐含地影响了反应.
- 抑制性控制在调节这些性别空间关联的强度方面发挥着作用.
- 这些发现有助于理解社会类别在人脑中是如何被代表和组织的.
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