能源结构升级和碳排放减少:来自亚洲经济体的证据
Qing Liu1, Xiaotong Xia2, Huanyu Zheng2
1Institute of Economics, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, Beijing, 100836, China.
概括
这项研究分析了从1991年到2019年的38个亚洲国家的碳影子价格. 工业化和城市化影响碳成本,APEC国家显示的碳价格低于非APEC国家.
科学领域:
- 环境经济学环境经济学
- 气候政策分析 气候政策分析
- 能源经济学 能源经济学
背景情况:
- 全球气候变化需要减少碳排放的战略.
- 不同的碳交易系统在不同地区创造了无与伦比的减排成本.
- 了解区域碳影子价格对于有效的气候政策至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查38个亚洲国家的碳排放和能源结构的影子价格 (1991-2019).
- 分析工业化,城市化和经济合作 (APEC) 对碳影子价格的影响.
- 研究能源消耗结构,人力资源和边际减排成本之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 非参数建模方法. 非参数建模方法.
- 分析了来自38个亚洲国家的数据,涵盖了1991年至2019年的时间.
- 对影响碳影子价格的因素进行计量经济学分析.
主要成果:
- 亚洲的平均碳影子价格波动:下降 (1991-2000年),上升,然后再次下降.
- 工业化降低了碳影子价格;城市化增加了减少碳的机会成本.
- 与非APEC国家相比,亚太经济合作组织 (APEC) 国家的碳影子价格较低.
- 能源消耗结构与边际减排成本负相关;人力资源水平正相关.
结论:
- 经济发展途径显著影响碳减排成本.
- 区域经济一体化 (如APEC) 可能会影响碳定价机制.
- 政策干预应考虑能源结构和人力资本,以有效减少排放.
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