与男性相比,女性的撞车死亡风险与男性相比,对类似的身体冲击有相似的风险
Jon Atwood1, Eun Young Noh1, Matthew J Craig1
1National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, Washington, District of Columbia, USA.
Traffic injury prevention
|June 2, 2023
概括
先进的车辆安全功能显著降低了车祸中男性和女性死亡风险的差异. 新车型和增强的乘客保护系统提高了所有乘客的安全.
科学领域:
- 交通安全研究 交通安全研究
- 汽车工程 汽车工程
- 生物机械分析分析
背景情况:
- 从历史上看,在机动车辆事故中观察到性别之间的死亡风险差异.
- 旧车型往往缺乏先进的乘客保护技术,这可能会加剧这些差异.
研究的目的:
- 估计目前乘客死亡事故中基于性别的差异趋势.
- 为了比较与旧车相比,具有先进安全功能的新型轻型车辆中女性与男性的相对死亡风险.
主要方法:
- 使用了从死亡分析报告系统 (FARS) 1975-2019跨越的数据.
- 采用后勤回归和双对比较方法来计算相对死亡风险.
- 分析数据按车型年份 (MY) 和乘客保护系统 (安全带,安全气囊,预压器,负载限制器) 分层.
主要成果:
- 与男性相比,女性死亡风险在较新的车型年份的车辆中下降.
- 对于前排乘客,女性相对死亡风险在 MY 1960-1999 车辆中为 19.9%,而在 MY 2000-2020 车辆中为 9.4%.
- 有了先进的系统 (安全气囊,预紧张器,负载限制器),带带的女性乘客死亡风险相对于男性是5.8%.
结论:
- 男性和女性之间的死亡风险差异在较晚的车型年份的车辆中减少.
- 先进的乘客保护系统进一步降低了与男性相比,女性的相对死亡风险.
- 车辆安全的进步对于减轻事故结果的性别差异至关重要.
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