面向以用户为中心的辅助技术,以适应认知障碍的老龄化:一项调查
Christine M Petersen1, Patricia R DeLucia1, Frederick L Oswald1
1Department of Psychological Sciences, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA.
Disability and rehabilitation. Assistive technology
|June 2, 2023
概括
对阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 的辅助技术需要定制. 这项研究发现,种族少数群体优先考虑基本的日常生活援助,而技术使用因痴呆症严重程度和种族而异,突出了包容性设计的需要.
科学领域:
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 医疗信息学 医疗信息学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
背景情况:
- 阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 构成重大负担,需要为患者和护理人员提供辅助技术.
- 当前的辅助技术往往是"一刀切",无法适应各种认知障碍和种族/民族背景.
- 定制技术对于有效支持AD护理至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查认知障碍患者需要的援助类型和使用的技术是否因种族/种族和痴呆症严重程度而有所不同.
- 为多样化的阿尔茨海默病患者群体提供更多个性化和有效的辅助技术的开发信息.
主要方法:
- 一项在线调查对180名不同程度的认知障碍和不同种族/种族背景的个人进行了非正式照顾.
- 该调查收集了有关援助需求和技术利用的数据.
主要成果:
- 轻度痴呆症的少数民族优先考虑对日常生活基本活动 (BADLs) 的帮助,而不是白人/非西班牙裔.
- 严重痴呆症患者,无论种族如何,在日常生活中的仪器活动 (IADL) 中使用技术的比例高于中度痴呆症患者.
- 在COVID-19期间,患有严重痴呆症的白人/非西班牙裔人比西班牙裔/拉丁裔或波多黎各人更多地使用移动,准备饭菜和卫生方面的辅助设备.
结论:
- 应优先考虑对严重痴呆症的辅助技术设计,不论种族.
- 未来的技术必须解决日常生活的工具活动 (IADL) 和日常生活的基本活动 (BADL),以满足各种需求.
- 包容性设计原则对于开发在阿尔茨海默氏症护理中的有效辅助技术至关重要.
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