相关实验视频
Updated: Jul 28, 2025

08:20
A Method for Quantifying Foliage-Dwelling Arthropods
Published on: October 20, 2019
5.9K
灌木生态系统中的树木扩张对两种通用鸟类捕食者的影响
A C Young1, T E Katzner2, D J Shinneman2
1Department of Fish & Wildlife Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho, United States of America.
PloS one
|June 2, 2023
概括
在草息地移除针叶树可能会减少常见乌的存在,这可能有利于大草. 然而,红尾在这些地区的使用不受针叶树的覆盖的影响,这突出了捕食者对息地变化的复杂反应.
科学领域:
- 生态与保护生物学 生态与保护生物学
- 野生动物管理 野生动物管理
- 鸟类生态学 鸟类生态学
背景情况:
- 灌木生态系统正在经历由于入侵植物和本地树木的扩张而造成的结构变化,影响野生动物息地.
- 百合树 (Juniperus spp.) 是一个有趣的植物. 大盆地的扩张正在减少 (Artemisia spp.) 息地,威胁着像大草 (Centrocercus urophasianus) 这样的物种.
- 针叶树的移除被提议通过潜在地减少鸟类捕食者的丰富性来帮助依赖树的野生动物,但捕食者息地关系需要明确的评估.
研究的目的:
- 评估针叶树的扩张与两种一般性鸟类捕食者的息地使用之间的关系:常见乌 (Corvus corax) 和红尾 (Buteo jamaicensis).
- 为了确定结构性息地特征或猎物丰富性是否对掠食者息地选择更有影响,在树生态系统中扩大针叶覆盖范围内的捕食者息地选择.
- 为野生动物管理策略提供有关为了修复草息地而移除针叶树的信息.
主要方法:
- 评估常见乌和红尾的息地使用情况,在不同针叶树 (百合树) 覆盖和猎物分布的草地区.
- 息地的量化结构特征,包括在特定半径 (例如100米) 内的覆盖.
- 分析了结构变量和猎物丰度对每个捕食物种息地使用概率的影响.
主要成果:
- 结构性息地特征是乌和红尾的息地使用的重要预测因素;猎物丰富不是一个重要的因素.
- 乌表现出息地使用增加,覆盖更大,观察到覆盖在100米以内超过20%时,概率最高 (>0.95).
- 红尾喜欢靠近悬崖的地区,但没有受到树覆盖的显著影响;乌的息地使用与悬崖无关.
结论:
- 移除针叶树,特别是树,可能会降低树生态系统中常见乌的息地适合性.
- 删除针叶树可能会通过减少乌的掠夺来改善大的繁殖成功和生存,这取决于其他捕食者的反应.
- 结果表明,全球范围内的牧场木质植被扩张的管理应该考虑一般性鸟类捕食者的特定息地协会.
相关概念视频
Predator-Prey Interactions
16.4K
Predators consume prey for energy. Predators that acquire prey and prey that avoid predation both increase their chances of survival and reproduction (i.e., fitness). Routine predator-prey interactions elicit mutual adaptations that improve predator offenses, such as claws, teeth, and speed, as well as prey defenses, including crypsis, aposematism, and mimicry. Thus, predator-prey interactions resemble an evolutionary arms race.
16.4K
Conservation of Declining Populations
9.7K
Conservation of declining population focuses on ways of detecting, diagnosing, and halting a population decline. The approach uses methods to prevent populations from going extinct.
9.7K
Threats to Biodiversity
22.5K
There have been five major extinction events throughout geological history, resulting in the elimination of biodiversity, followed by a rebound of species that adapted to the new conditions. In the current geological epoch, the Holocene, there is a sixth extinction event in progress. This mass extinction has been attributed to human activities and is thus provisionally called the Anthropocene. In 2019 the human population reached 7.7 billion people and is projected to comprise 10 billion by...
22.5K
Optimal Foraging
12.2K
How animals obtain and eat their food is called foraging behavior. Foraging can include searching for plants and hunting for prey and depends on the species and environment.
12.2K
Habitat Fragmentation
17.7K
Habitat fragmentation describes the division of a more extensive, continuous habitat into smaller, discontinuous areas. Human activities such as land conversion, as well as slower geological processes leading to changes in the physical environment, are the two leading causes of habitat fragmentation. The fragmentation process typically follows the same steps: perforation, dissection, fragmentation, shrinkage, and attrition.
17.7K
Ecological Niches
23.8K
All organisms have a position within an ecosystem. The complete set of living and nonliving factors—including food resources, climate, and terrain—that define the position of a given organism are collectively referred to as the organism’s ecological niche.
23.8K

