年龄对尼泊尔成年人非传染性疾病风险因素的影响
Bhim Prasad Sapkota1,2, Kedar Prasad Baral3, Eva A Rehfuess4,5
1CIHLMU Center for International Health, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.
PloS one
|June 2, 2023
概括
在尼泊尔,非传染性疾病的风险因素随着年龄的增长而增加,特别是老年人吸烟和高血压. 干预措施应针对年轻人,以预防未来的非传染性疾病.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 老年学是一门学科.
背景情况:
- 非传染性疾病 (NCD) 对低收入和中等收入国家 (LMICs) 的卫生系统构成越来越大的挑战.
- 尼泊尔面临与非传染性疾病相关的死亡人数增加和预期寿命上升,需要对与年龄相关的危险因素进行研究.
- 了解年龄和NCD风险因素的相互作用对于有效的公共卫生战略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 分析年龄对尼泊尔非传染性疾病的各种行为和生物风险因素的影响.
- 调查不同年龄组的NCD风险因素与年龄的相互作用.
- 为尼泊尔的NCD预防和管理提供有针对性的干预信息.
主要方法:
- 利用了2019年尼泊尔STEPs调查的数据,这是一个全国代表性的横截面研究.
- 研究了六个社会人口统计学决定因素,四个行为风险因素和四个生物风险因素.
- 分析了三组年龄的影响:年轻人 (<35岁),中年人 (35-59岁) 和老年人 (60岁以上).
主要成果:
- 吸烟,饮酒,身体不活动,高血压和高脂血症的患病率通常随着年龄的增长而增加.
- 高血压和高脂血症在老年人中最高,而糖尿病和超重/肥胖症在中年人群中最高.
- 总体而言,年龄的相互作用很弱,但对于女性的高血压,超重/肥胖和高脂血症的酒精消费有意义.
结论:
- 虽然NCD风险因素的患病率随着年龄的增长而增加,但相互作用是复杂的,行为因素通常起源于年轻成年.
- 早期诊断和治疗年轻人群中的生物风险因素是必不可少的.
- 改变行为干预措施应优先考虑年轻年龄组,以减轻未来的NCD风险.
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