饮食补充剂的使用者比不使用者更容易吸毒吗? : 一个系统的审查和元分析
Philip Hurst1, Lieke Schiphof-Godart2, Maria Kavussanu3
1School of Psychology and Life Sciences, Canterbury Christ Church University, Canterbury, United Kingdom.
The International journal on drug policy
|June 2, 2023
概括
使用食补充剂的运动员与非使用者相比,使用兴奋剂的可能性是超过两倍. 这一系统性审查强调了补充剂使用和兴奋剂使用意图之间的联系,敦促反兴奋剂政策解决补充剂消费问题.
科学领域:
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 预防兴奋剂 预防兴奋剂
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 食补充剂的使用越来越多地与运动员使用禁止的增强性能的物质 (兴奋剂) 有关.
- 了解这种关系对于国际和国家体育组织制定有效的反兴奋剂战略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较饮食补充剂使用者和非使用者之间的兴奋剂使用率.
- 确定补充剂使用是否与兴奋剂相关的社会认知因素有关.
主要方法:
- 一项对26项涉及13,296名运动员的横截面研究的系统审查和元分析.
- 在EMBASE,MEDLINE,PsychINFO,CINAHL和SPORTDiscus数据库中搜索到2022年5月.
- 使用JBI关键评估检查清单和STROBE检查清单评估偏差风险.
主要成果:
- 饮食补充剂使用者 (14.7%) 的兴奋剂使用率是不使用者 (6.7%) 的2.74倍.
- 补充剂使用者报告了更强烈的兴奋剂意图 (r=0.26) 和态度 (r=0.21).
- 任务导向和道德可能会降低补充剂使用者的兴奋剂使用可能性.
结论:
- 使用食补充剂的运动员表现出更高的兴奋剂使用率和意图.
- 反兴奋剂教育应包括饮食补充剂的使用,提供安全消费指导和替代方案.
- 需要进一步的研究来确定非兴奋剂补充剂使用者的保护因素.
相关概念视频
Study Designs in Epidemiology
292
Epidemiological study designs are fundamental tools for investigating the distribution, determinants, and control of health conditions in populations. They help researchers understand the relationships between exposures and outcomes, and they broadly fall into two categories: "observational" and "experimental" studies.
Observational studies are those where the researcher does not intervene but rather observes natural variations. They include cross-sectional, cohort, and...
Observational studies are those where the researcher does not intervene but rather observes natural variations. They include cross-sectional, cohort, and...
292
Drug Concentrations: Measurements
414
Drug concentration is the quantity of a drug present in a biological sample. Measuring drug amounts in biological samples allows the clinician to understand how a drug is absorbed, distributed, metabolized, and excreted. Samples can be obtained through invasive or non-invasive methods. Invasive techniques involve surgical or parenteral interventions to gather blood, cerebrospinal fluid, or tissue biopsy. Conversely, non-invasive approaches provide samples like urine, feces, and saliva.
Plasma...
Plasma...
414
Dose-Response Relationship: Potency and Efficacy
4.6K
The potency of a drug is the measure of its ability to produce a biological response and can be compared by looking at the half-maximum effective concentration or EC50 values of different drugs. A lower EC50 value indicates higher potency of the drug. In the dose–response curve of two antihypertensive drugs, candesartan and irbesartan, a significant difference is observed in their EC50 values. A lower EC50 value for candesartan indicates that it is more potent than irbesartan, as it...
4.6K
Types of Biopharmaceutical Studies: Controlled and Non-Controlled Approaches
150
Biopharmaceutical studies constitute a vital field aiming to enhance drug delivery methods and refine therapeutic approaches, drawing upon diverse interdisciplinary knowledge. In research methodologies, the choice between controlled and non-controlled studies significantly influences the study's reliability and accuracy.
Non-controlled studies, commonly employed for initial exploration, lack a control group, rendering them susceptible to biases and external influences. In contrast,...
Non-controlled studies, commonly employed for initial exploration, lack a control group, rendering them susceptible to biases and external influences. In contrast,...
150
Dose-Response Relationship: Overview
3.2K
Agonists can bind with and activate receptors, resulting in the formation of drug-receptor complexes. Once formed, these complexes catalyze many biochemical processes at the cellular level and subsequently induce a pharmacologic response. The degree of response is directly proportional to the fraction of activated receptors, which in turn, depends on the concentration of the drug at the receptor site as well as the sensitivity of the receptor. An increase in the administered dose contributes to...
3.2K
Dose-Response Relationship: Selectivity and Specificity
7.0K
Drugs exert their therapeutic effects by interacting with receptors, enzymes, or ion channels that are present throughout the human body. The strength and duration of the interaction between a drug and its target receptor are characterized by the selectivity and specificity of the drug. Selectivity refers to a drug's strong preference for its intended target over other targets. For instance, isoprenaline, a non-selective β-adrenergic agonist, interacts with both β1- and...
7.0K


