由CT扫描上无监督机器学习定义的肺气亚型
Elsa D Angelini1,2,3, Jie Yang1, Pallavi P Balte4
1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.
Thorax
|June 2, 2023
概括
无监督的机器学习从CT扫描中确定了六种可重现的CT肺的亚型. 这些亚型具有不同的特征和预后,为个性化慢性阻塞性肺病 (COPD) 诊断和治疗提供了新的途径.
科学领域:
- 肺部医学 肺部医学
- 放射学 放射学是一门学科.
- 计算生物学 计算生物学
背景情况:
- 慢性阻塞性肺病 (COPD) 治疗和预防方面的进展一直受到明显亚现象型缺乏的阻碍.
- 识别特定的CT肺气亚型对于理解疾病异质性至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 确定对CT图像应用的无监督机器学习是否可以识别不同的CT肺的亚型.
- 研究这些发现的亚型的独特特征,预后和遗传关联.
主要方法:
- 在SPIROMICS研究中的2853名参与者的CT扫描数据上使用无监督的机器学习来识别基于质地和位置的肺气亚型.
- 鉴定的亚型进一步分析并与MESA肺研究 (n=2949) 的临床数据和MESA (n=6658) 的生存数据进行比较.
- 对已识别的亚型进行了基因组范围的单核酸多态性 (SNP) 关联的检查.
主要成果:
- 发现了6种可复制的CT肺气亚型,具有高的学际和课内相关系数 (0.91-1.00).
- "结合性支气管炎-性支气管炎"亚型与慢性支气管炎,加速肺功能下降以及特定基因变异 (接近DRD1) 相关.
- 其他亚型与体重,死亡率等因素有关,并且与已知的疾病相似,例如结合性肺纤维化肺气和消失性肺综合征.
结论:
- 在CT扫描上大规模应用无监督机器学习成功确定了六种可重现的CT肺的亚型.
- 这些亚型代表了熟悉的模式,并建议在慢性阻塞性肺病 (COPD) 和COPD前阶段进行量身定制的诊断和个性化治疗的潜在途径.
更多相关视频
相关概念视频
Pulmonary Embolism II: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care
15
Diagnosing Pulmonary EmbolismDiagnosing pulmonary embolism (PE) involves clinical assessment and advanced imaging tests. The preferred diagnostic tool is the spiral (helical) CT scan or CT angiography (CTA), which uses intravenous contrast media to visualize the pulmonary vasculature and identify emboli.A ventilation-perfusion (V/Q) scan is an alternative for patients unable to receive contrast media. This scan includes both perfusion and ventilation scanning. Perfusion scanning involves...
15
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-IV: Assessement and Diagnostic Studies
2.5K
Assessing and diagnosing Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) involves a detailed approach that includes a comprehensive review of medical history, physical examination, and a variety of diagnostic tests. This thorough evaluation is essential to ensure an accurate diagnosis and guide effective management strategies.
Medical History
Medical History
2.5K
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-I: Introduction
2.9K
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a long-lasting respiratory condition requiring continuous attention and care. It is a progressive lung disease that leads to breathing challenges due to airflow obstruction. It manifests as persistent respiratory symptoms and restricted airflow resulting from abnormalities in the airways and alveoli, usually due to long-term exposure to harmful particles or gases. COPD mainly consists of two primary conditions: emphysema and chronic bronchitis.
2.9K
Pulmonary Hypertension: Classification and Pathogenesis
239
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a severe health condition in which the mean pulmonary arterial pressure increases to 25 mmHg or more, even when the body is at rest. This high pressure in the blood vessels that transport blood from the heart to the lungs can cause various symptoms, including shortness of breath, can lead to right heart failure, and significantly affect the overall quality of life.
There are various classifications for PH, each relating to different underlying causes and also...
There are various classifications for PH, each relating to different underlying causes and also...
239


