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Diagnosing Pulmonary EmbolismDiagnosing pulmonary embolism (PE) involves clinical assessment and advanced imaging tests. The preferred diagnostic tool is the spiral (helical) CT scan or CT angiography (CTA), which uses intravenous contrast media to visualize the pulmonary vasculature and identify emboli.A ventilation-perfusion (V/Q) scan is an alternative for patients unable to receive contrast media. This scan includes both perfusion and ventilation scanning. Perfusion scanning involves...
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相关实验视频

Updated: Jul 28, 2025

Multi-modal Pulmonary Imaging: Using Complementary Information from CT and Hyperpolarized 129Xe MRI to Evaluate Lung Structure-Function
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由CT扫描上无监督机器学习定义的肺气亚型.

Elsa D Angelini1,2,3, Jie Yang1, Pallavi P Balte4

  • 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.

Thorax
|June 2, 2023
PubMed
概括

无监督的机器学习从CT扫描中确定了六种可重现的CT肺的亚型. 这些亚型具有不同的特征和预后,为个性化慢性阻塞性肺病 (COPD) 诊断和治疗提供了新的途径.

关键词:
慢性慢性肺炎的流行病学突发性瘤是什么意思图像/CT MRI 等等,这些都需要检查.

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科学领域:

  • 肺部医学 肺部医学
  • 放射学 放射学是一门学科.
  • 计算生物学 计算生物学

背景情况:

  • 慢性阻塞性肺病 (COPD) 治疗和预防方面的进展一直受到明显亚现象型缺乏的阻碍.
  • 识别特定的CT肺气亚型对于理解疾病异质性至关重要.

研究的目的:

  • 确定对CT图像应用的无监督机器学习是否可以识别不同的CT肺的亚型.
  • 研究这些发现的亚型的独特特征,预后和遗传关联.

主要方法:

  • 在SPIROMICS研究中的2853名参与者的CT扫描数据上使用无监督的机器学习来识别基于质地和位置的肺气亚型.
  • 鉴定的亚型进一步分析并与MESA肺研究 (n=2949) 的临床数据和MESA (n=6658) 的生存数据进行比较.
  • 对已识别的亚型进行了基因组范围的单核酸多态性 (SNP) 关联的检查.

主要成果:

  • 发现了6种可复制的CT肺气亚型,具有高的学际和课内相关系数 (0.91-1.00).
  • "结合性支气管炎-性支气管炎"亚型与慢性支气管炎,加速肺功能下降以及特定基因变异 (接近DRD1) 相关.
  • 其他亚型与体重,死亡率等因素有关,并且与已知的疾病相似,例如结合性肺纤维化肺气和消失性肺综合征.

结论:

  • 在CT扫描上大规模应用无监督机器学习成功确定了六种可重现的CT肺的亚型.
  • 这些亚型代表了熟悉的模式,并建议在慢性阻塞性肺病 (COPD) 和COPD前阶段进行量身定制的诊断和个性化治疗的潜在途径.