在中国青海连续三次地震发生之前,观察到与活跃的构造块相关的水文变化
Huaizhong Yu1, Lei Liu2, Yuchuan Ma3
1China Earthquake Networks Center, Beijing, 100045, China. yuhz750216@sina.com.
Scientific reports
|June 2, 2023
概括
水文观测仪器在青海发生重大地震之前检测到地震前的异常. 观测站和地震中心越靠近构造块,检测到的异常越强烈.
科学领域:
- 地质物理学 地质物理学
- 地震学 地震学
- 水文学的水文学
背景情况:
- 在两年内,中国青海发生了三次重大地震 (Ms ≥6.0).
- 水文观测仪器在关键状态下提供井水层系统的数据.
研究的目的:
- 分析水文数据,以检测发生大地震之前的短期异常.
- 评估水文观测在检测不同构造块的地震中的有效性.
主要方法:
- 从7个站点收集和分析了水文数据.
- 计算了地震前变化的相对幅度.
- 与活跃的构造块上的地震位置相关的异常.
主要成果:
- 当站点和地震在同一构造块上时,观察到明显的地震前水文变化.
- 在相邻的块中检测到适度的变化,而分离的块显示出难以识别的前体.
- 地测数据证实地体积增加和应力负荷增加.
结论:
- 水文观测在检测地震前异常方面是有效的,其灵敏度取决于构造块的近距离.
- 地震前的水文变化与源介质减弱 (扩张) 有关.
- 这些发现支持使用水文监测进行地震研究和潜在预测.
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