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相关概念视频

Working Memory01:24

Working Memory

390
Working memory refers to a combination of components, including short-term memory and attention, that allow an individual to hold information temporarily as we perform cognitive tasks. It is an essential cognitive function that enables the execution of complex tasks such as problem-solving, comprehension, and reasoning. Unlike short-term memory, which simply involves the storage of information for a brief period, working memory involves the active manipulation and processing of this...
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刺激特异性皮质活动与在工作记忆编码和维护过程中忽略分心相关.

Charlotte Ashton1, Andre D Gouws2, Marcus Glennon1

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK.

Scientific reports
|June 2, 2023
PubMed
概括

大脑通过封锁输入来阻止分心进入工作记忆 (WM),而不是通过抑制神经活动来阻止分心. 这种机制有助于在编码和延迟期间保持焦点在WM任务.

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科学领域:

  • 认知神经科学 认知神经科学
  • 神经成像是一种神经成像.

背景情况:

  • 分心会显著损害工作记忆 (WM) 的性能.
  • 分心选的基础的神经机制仍然不清楚,包括抑制或拒绝访问的理论.

研究的目的:

  • 调查WM期间过分心是否涉及神经抑制或其他机制.
  • 在编码 (ED) 与延迟 (DD) 期间忽视分心的神经过程.

主要方法:

  • 在人类中使用功能磁共振成像 (fMRI).
  • 在使用分散注意力的WM任务期间测量了类别敏感的皮质活动.
  • 在WM任务中的神经活动与被动观看任务进行比较.

主要成果:

  • 与被动观看相比,在WM中观察到与任务相关的活动的增强,无论分心的时间如何.
  • 没有发现ED或DD的神经抑制的证据.
  • 在WM任务中,当分心器被忽视时,注意力分散器特定活动的增加被阻止了,与被动任务不同.

结论:

  • 工作记忆对分心的抵抗不依赖于抑制分心活动.
  • 像输入门这样的机制可能会阻止分心器访问WM,解释观察到的神经模式.