医学学生中的乙型肝炎疫苗接种覆盖率和相关因素:2021年索马里博萨索的一项横截面研究
Abdifitah Said Ali1, Nur Ahmed Hussein2, Elmi Omar Haji Elmi3
1Faculty of Health Sciences, Global Science University (GSU), Galkayo, Somalia. abdifitahali222@gmail.com.
BMC public health
|June 2, 2023
概括
在索马里博萨索的医学学生中,乙型肝炎疫苗接种率非常低,只有2.8%的学生完全免疫. 主要障碍包括疫苗的不可用性和成本,突出了改善免疫策略的迫切需要.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
背景情况:
- 乙型肝炎病毒 (HBV) 是肝癌的主要原因之一,也是全球健康问题.
- 医疗保健工作者 (HCW) 和医学学生面临HBV感染的风险较高,原因是职业接触身体液体.
- 增加乙型肝炎疫苗接种率对于预防新感染至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估索马里博萨索医学生的乙型肝炎免疫覆盖率.
- 为了确定与这种高风险人群中B型肝炎疫苗接种相关的因素.
主要方法:
- 在索马里Bosaso进行了一项基于机构的横截面研究.
- 使用分层和简单的随机抽样技术,从四所大学选择了247名医学学生.
- 数据是通过自我管理的问卷收集的,并使用SPSS进行分析,并对协会进行基平方测试.
主要成果:
- 尽管对HBV传播和预防的知识很高 (73.7%高于平均水平的知识,95.9%了解疫苗预防),但只有2.8%的学生得到了完全的乙型肝炎免疫.
- 接种疫苗的主要障碍包括疫苗不可用 (32.8%),高成本 (26.7%),害怕副作用 (12.6%),以及对疫苗质量缺乏信任 (8.5%).
- 职业和工作场所的疫苗可用性与HBV疫苗接种量有显著的关联 (分别为p=0.005和p=0.047).
结论:
- 博萨索医学院学生的HBV免疫覆盖率惊人低,需要紧急干预.
- 建议基于证据的倡导国家HBV消除政策和大规模免疫战略.
- 未来的研究应该涉及更大的多城市样本,并包括HBV标题测试以进行全面评估.
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