在极寒的环境中工作是否会影响肺功能? : 10 年的随访时间
Marcial Velasco Garrido1, Nadine Rentel2, Robert Herold2
1Institute for Occupational and Maritime Medicine (ZfAM), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Seewartenstr. 10, 20459, Hamburg, Germany. m.velasco-garrido@uke.de.
概括
在健康的男性商店工人中,多年来反复暴露于极端寒冷的温度并没有损害肺功能. 肺功能测试显示,职业寒冷暴露没有显著的长期负面影响.
科学领域:
- 职业健康 职业健康 职业健康
- 肺部病理学 肺部病理学
- 环境医学 环境医学
背景情况:
- 在某些行业中,职业暴露于极度寒冷是常见的.
- 间歇性极寒对肺功能的长期影响尚不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 调查长期间歇性职业暴露于极度寒冷和肺功能之间的关联.
- 为了确定多年来重复暴露于-55°C是否会影响肺容量和气体交换.
主要方法:
- 对商店工人的10年医学检查数据的回顾性分析.
- 测量强迫生命能力 (FVC),强迫呼吸量在一秒内 (FEV1) 和CO扩散能力 (DL,CO).
- 利用线性混合模型分析肺功能参数的趋势,考虑吸烟状态和寒冷暴露强度.
主要成果:
- 分析了46名男性工人和398个测量点.
- 随着时间的推移,FEV1和FVC显示出统计学上显著的正倾斜率 (FEV1:0.32%,FVC:0.43%).
- 在研究期间,没有观察到FEV1/FVC,DL,CO或DL,CO/VA的显著变化.
结论:
- 在健康的工人中,长期间歇性职业暴露于极端寒冷似乎不会造成不可逆转的肺损伤.
- 该研究表明,阻塞性或限制性肺部疾病不是这种类型暴露的预期结果.
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