较高而不是较低的坚果消费和两年内认知表现的变化,在一个有认知衰退风险的人群中:一项队列研究
Jiaqi Ni1, Stephanie K Nishi2, Nancy Babio1
1Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Alimentació, Nutrició, Desenvolupament i Salut Mental (ANUT-DSM), Unitat de Nutrició Humana, Reus, Spain; Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Reus, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
The American journal of clinical nutrition
|June 3, 2023
概括
定期吃树木坚果和花生可能有助于维持认知能力下降的风险较大的老年人的一般认知功能. 这项研究发现,频繁的坚果消费与两年内认知表现的较小下降有关.
科学领域:
- 营养神经科学 营养神经科学
- 老年学是指老年学的学科.
- 认知衰老研究 认知衰老研究
背景情况:
- 富含营养的食物,如树木坚果和花生含有神经保护性化合物.
- 关于坚果消费对认知益处的现有证据有限且不一致.
- 面临认知衰退风险的老年人可能会从饮食干预中受益.
研究的目的:
- 为了前性地研究两年内坚果消费和认知表现变化之间的关联.
- 评估坚果摄入量对高危老年人各种认知领域的影响.
- 为坚果在认知健康维护中的作用提供证据.
主要方法:
- 研究了6630名年龄在55-75岁之间的超重/肥胖和代谢综合征的成年人.
- 参与者在基线和2年随访期间完成了食物频率问卷和全面的神经心理测试.
- 多变量调整的线性回归模型评估了基线坚果消费和认知变化之间的联系.
主要成果:
- 较高的坚果消费 (每周≥3份) 与更好的2年内一般认知功能变化有关.
- 与<1份/周相比,食用≥3至<7份/周和≥7份/周的参与者表现出更有利的认知变化.
- 对于其他认知领域,如全球认知,注意力或执行功能,没有发现任何显著的关联.
结论:
- 经常食用坚果与高危老年人的一般认知表现下降速度较慢有关.
- 这些发现表明坚果在缓解与年龄相关的认知衰退方面可能发挥作用.
- 建议进行进一步的随机临床试验以证实这些结果.
相关概念视频
01:30Cognitive Development During Adulthood
165
Cognitive development continues throughout adulthood, undergoing significant shifts across early, middle, and late stages. Individual transition occurs from adolescent idealism to pragmatic and adaptable thinking in early adulthood. During this period, individuals learn to integrate personal beliefs with the recognition that other perspectives are equally valid. Exposure to the complexities of modern society, diverse experiences, and higher education contribute to this adaptive thought process,...
165
01:30Biological Influences on Intelligence
152
Intelligence is often thought to be linked to brain size, but the relationship is more complex than that. While brain size does correlate modestly with some abilities, like verbal skills, the connection is weaker for others, such as spatial reasoning. Other factors, like brain structure, also play crucial roles. For instance, despite Einstein's smaller-than-average brain, his parietal cortex, which is involved in spatial reasoning, was 15% wider, suggesting that neural density might matter...
152
01:29Environmental Influences on Intelligence
363
Despite the strong genetic influence on traits like intelligence, environmental factors significantly shape outcomes. For example, while over 90% of height variation is due to genetic differences, environmental factors such as nutrition also have a notable impact. Similarly, for intelligence, changes in a child's surroundings can significantly alter their IQ. Research shows that enriched environments boost children's academic success and help them develop key cognitive skills. Children...
363
01:30Cognitive Enhancers: Cholinesterase Inhibitors and NMDA Receptor Antagonists
166
Cognitive enhancers, also known as "smart drugs," are substances used to enhance memory, mental alertness, and concentration. These can be natural or synthetic and improve cognition in conditions like Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other neurodegenerative diseases. Some common examples include caffeine, amphetamines, methylphenidate, modafinil, arecoline, donepezil, vortioxetine, and piracetam. These enhancers work on the principle of synaptic plasticity and altered circuit function.
166
01:17Cognitivism
1.5K
Cognitive psychology emerged as a significant field in the mid-20th century. It focused on understanding humans' internal mental processes. This approach emphasizes how people perceive, remember, think, and solve problems—elements critical to human cognition.
Previously dominated by behaviorism, which prioritized observable behaviors and largely ignored mental processes, psychology transformed in the 1950s. Cognitive psychologists argue that understanding how we think and process...
Previously dominated by behaviorism, which prioritized observable behaviors and largely ignored mental processes, psychology transformed in the 1950s. Cognitive psychologists argue that understanding how we think and process...
1.5K
01:18Cognitive Development During Adolescence
85
During adolescence, individuals experience significant cognitive development that enhances their understanding of others' emotions and thoughts, known as cognitive empathy. This period is marked by an increased ability to adapt to others' perspectives and a more nuanced understanding of others' mental states, a skill that is foundational for social problem-solving and conflict avoidance. The development of cognitive empathy relies heavily on the theory of mind — the...
85