这是正确的解释方式吗? 功能,机制以及解释的顺序
Amanda M McCarthy1, Frank C Keil1
1Yale University, Department of Psychology, 2 Hillhouse Avenue, New Haven, CT 06511, USA.
Cognition
|June 4, 2023
概括
人们更喜欢功能性解释而不是机械的解释,这种偏好与理解整体而不是部分相关. 这个顺序指导着我们如何处理和重视科学信息.
科学领域:
- 认知科学 认知科学
- 科学哲学的哲学科学哲学
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
背景情况:
- 人们往往更喜欢功能性的解释,而不是机械的解释.
- 这种偏好可能源于对功能信息的价值更高.
- 另外,人们可能更喜欢信息呈现的特定顺序.
研究的目的:
- 在解释中调查功能与机械信息顺序的偏好.
- 为了确定是否对整体前部分的一般偏好解释了这种订单偏好.
主要方法:
- 与成年参与者进行的实证研究.
- 评估对功能和机制解释组件序列的偏好.
- 测试整体而不是零件和功能而不是机制的偏好之间的关系.
主要成果:
- 成年人始终更喜欢功能信息,而不是机械信息.
- 观察到一种普遍的偏好,即首先解决整体问题,然后解决其部分问题.
- 对功能优先于机制的偏好似乎与更广泛的整体优先于部分启发式有关.
结论:
- 解释中的信息顺序很重要,优先考虑的是功能先于机制.
- 这种排序偏好很可能是更普遍的认知原则的表现:理解部分之前的整体.
- 这一发现对科学解释是如何构建和传达的有影响.
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