老年患者的术后肺部并发症,这些患者接受了采用上气道装置或气管管道输入管的选择性手术
1Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Anaesthesia
|June 4, 2023
概括
对于接受手术的老年患者来说,与气管相比,supraglottic气道装置减少了术后的肺部并发症. 这一发现支持在这个人群中使用supraglottic气道进行更安全的气道管理.
科学领域:
- 麻醉学 麻醉学
- 关键护理医学 关键护理医学
- 老年医学 老年医学
背景情况:
- 在全身麻醉期间,超管呼吸道装置和气管管是常见的呼吸道管理技术.
- 接受手术的老年患者患术后肺部并发症的风险更高.
研究的目的:
- 在接受选择性非心胸外科手术的老年患者中,比较supraglottic气道装置和气管之间的住院术后肺并发症的发生率.
- 在这个患者群体中,评估supraglottic气道装置与气管相比的安全性和有效性.
主要方法:
- 一项随机对照试验,涉及17个临床中心的2751名70岁或以上的患者.
- 患者被随机分配到上气道装置或气管管理.
- 收集的数据包括术前风险评估和术后肺部并发症的发生率.
主要成果:
- 手术后的肺部并发症发生在19.5%的患者中,这些患者使用了上气道装置治疗,而使用气管装置治疗的患者为25.1% (绝对差异为-5.6%,P < 0.001).
- 咳是观察到的最常见的并发症.
- 对并发症的风险比为0.78 (95%CI为0.67-0.89),有利于上空气道器件.
结论:
- 与气管管相比,超管气道装置与经过选择性手术的老年患者中术后肺部并发症的发病率较低.
- 这些研究结果表明,对年龄较大的外科手术患者来说,supraglottic气道装置可能是首选的气道管理策略,以减少肺部发病率.
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