[通过CAR-T细胞疗法识别和向由翻译后蛋白质修饰产生的多个髓瘤特异性抗原]
1Department of Hematology and Oncology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine.
概括
研究人员正在开发针对癌症特异性蛋白质修饰的CAR-T细胞疗法,而不仅仅是表达水平. 这种方法导致CAR-T细胞向激活整合素和一种新型抗体向多发性髓瘤中的CD98hc.
科学领域:
- 免疫治疗是一种免疫疗法.
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 细胞疗法细胞疗法
背景情况:
- 化学抗原受体 (CAR) -T细胞疗法和检查点抗体疗法是免疫疗法的重大突破.
- 卡特-T疗法需要针对癌症的特定点,而这些点在B细胞恶性瘤以外的大多数固体瘤中是缺乏的.
- 目前的CAR-T开发重点是针对蛋白质表达水平,限制了适用性.
研究的目的:
- 开发针对癌症特异性转化后修饰 (PTMs) 而不是蛋白质表达水平的新型CAR-T细胞.
- 为难以治疗的癌症,包括多发性骨髓瘤,确定新的治疗点.
- 调查改变糖基化在实现癌症特异向中的作用.
主要方法:
- 开发针对独特PTM的CAR-T细胞,如改变形状或糖化.
- 工程 CAR-T 细胞特定于激活整合素,发现在多发性骨髓瘤中过度表达.
- 发现了一种结核瘤特异性抗体,与无处不在表达的CD98hc蛋白结合.
主要成果:
- 成功开发了针对激活整合素的CAR-T细胞,用于多发性骨髓瘤治疗.
- 对多发性骨髓瘤具有意想不到的特异性的抗体的鉴定,针对CD98hc.
- 假设改变CD98hc的N-糖化对观察到的骨髓瘤特异性有所贡献.
结论:
- 针对癌症特异性PTM提供了一个有希望的策略,用于开发广泛适用的CAR-T细胞疗法.
- 像CD98hc这样的无处不在表达的蛋白质的改变糖化可能代表一种新的癌症特异性抗原类.
- 这种方法可以克服当前CAR-T疗法的局限性,并扩大各种癌症的治疗选择.
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