患有多动症儿童睡眠状况的变化以及相关的临床特征
Emma Sciberras1,2,3, Harriet Hiscock2,3,4, Samuele Cortese5,6,7,8,9
1School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong, Vic., Australia.
概括
患有注意力缺陷/多动障碍 (ADHD) 的儿童会遇到各种睡眠问题. 识别特定的睡眠概况和相关因素对于开发针对ADHD睡眠困难的量身定制干预措施至关重要.
科学领域:
- 儿童和青少年精神病学 儿童和青少年精神病学
- 睡眠医学 睡眠医学
- 神经发育障碍 神经发育障碍
背景情况:
- 在患有注意力缺陷/多动症障碍 (ADHD) 的儿童中经常观察到睡眠困难.
- 这种人群中睡眠问题的异质性需要进行详细的研究.
- 了解睡眠困难的变化及其临床相关性是必不可少的.
研究的目的:
- 识别ADHD儿童睡眠困难的不同情况.
- 检查这些睡眠概况与临床因素之间的关联,包括同时发生的心理健康状况,兴奋剂使用和父母心理健康.
主要方法:
- 利用了两项协调研究的数据,涉及392名患有多动症的儿童 (年龄为5-13岁).
- 采用潜伏特征分析来分类睡眠困难模式.
- 使用多项逻辑回归来评估已识别的睡眠特征的临床相关性.
主要成果:
- 确定了五种睡眠状况:失眠/延迟睡眠阶段 (36%),一般性睡眠困难 (25%),高焦虑/睡前抵抗 (11%),过夜困难 (5%) 和没有困难 (22%).
- 一般化,焦虑/睡前抵抗,失眠/延迟睡眠阶段的个人资料与父母报告的情绪/行为症状,焦虑和父母心理健康问题的增加有关.
- 一般化和焦虑/睡前抵抗组显示出更高的家长报告的多动症症状;焦虑/睡前抵抗组也出现了更多的抑郁和教师报告的情绪症状.
结论:
- 患有多动症儿童的睡眠困难是多样化的,存在于不同的形状.
- 干预措施必须考虑这些特定的睡眠概况和相关的临床特征.
- 为了提供有效的支持,可能需要量身定制的方法,包括解决父母的心理健康问题.
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