肠道虫感染损害了口服和肠道疫苗的有效性
Yugen Zhang1,2, LaKeya C Hardy1,2, Camille M Kapita1
1Department of Medicine, Thurston Arthritis Research Center, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC.
Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)
|June 5, 2023
概括
小鼠的肠道寄生虫感染通过破坏口服和亲肠道疫苗的抗体反应来降低疫苗的有效性. 在接种疫苗之前治疗寄生虫感染可能对最佳免疫反应至关重要.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
- 寄生虫学的寄生虫学
背景情况:
- 寄生虫感染可能会影响疫苗的有效性,这是疫苗开发和部署的关键因素.
- 了解虫感染如何影响免疫对疫苗接种的反应,对于全球卫生战略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究肠道虫感染 (Heligmosomoides polygyrus bakeri) 对Ag特异性抗体 (Ab) 和小鼠口服和亲肠接种疫苗的细胞免疫反应的影响.
- 为了确定虫感染是否会在接种疫苗后改变T效应细胞和T调节细胞群.
主要方法:
- 小鼠用口服接种活体,减弱,重组沙门氏菌疫苗,表达蛋卵蛋白 (OVA),或通过亲肠接种OVA吸附到.
- 肠道虫感染状态与免疫反应相关评估.
- 用收养转移实验来评估感染和未感染小鼠的OVA特异性CD4+T细胞的功能.
主要成果:
- 肠道虫感染显著降低了Th1-歪曲的Ab对口服沙门氏菌-OVA疫苗接种的反应.
- 从受虫感染的小鼠采养转移的OVA特异性CD4+T细胞显示,受虫感染的小鼠的IL-4和IL-10产量增加,并且受体小鼠的Ab反应受损.
- 虫感染也显著降低了对亲肠道OVA疫苗接种的Th2-歪曲的Ab反应.
结论:
- 在虫感染期间诱导的疫苗特异性CD4+T细胞表现出持久的免疫调节作用,可能导致对疫苗接种的Ab反应减弱.
- 这些发现强调了在流行地区大规模疫苗接种活动之前解决寄生虫感染的重要性,以确保疫苗的有效性.
相关概念视频
01:51Vaccinations
44.8K
Overview
44.8K
01:22Development of Immunocompetence
366
The initiation of cell-mediated immunity can be observed as early as the third month of fetal growth, with active antibody-mediated immunity following approximately one month later.
The initial cells that migrate from the fetal thymus settle within the skin and epithelial tissues lining the mouth, digestive tract, and in females, the uterus and vagina. These cells, including skin-based dendritic cells, serve as antigen-presenting cells, playing a key role in T cell activation.
Subsequent T...
The initial cells that migrate from the fetal thymus settle within the skin and epithelial tissues lining the mouth, digestive tract, and in females, the uterus and vagina. These cells, including skin-based dendritic cells, serve as antigen-presenting cells, playing a key role in T cell activation.
Subsequent T...
366
01:29Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics
73
Microorganisms play a fundamental role in vaccine development, gene therapy, and therapeutic production. Their biological properties are harnessed to advance medicine and public health. Beyond immunization, microorganisms contribute to gut health, antibiotic synthesis, and genetic disease treatment.Live Attenuated and Inactivated VaccinesLive attenuated vaccines, such as the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine, utilize weakened forms of pathogens to closely resemble natural infections.
73