温度对II型味蕾细胞中的作用电位和离子导电量的影响
Zhongming Ma1, Usha Paudel1, J Kevin Foskett1,2
1Department of Physiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States.
American journal of physiology. Cell physiology
|June 5, 2023
概括
温度通过影响II型味蕾细胞的电活动,显著影响味道强度. 这项研究揭示了温度如何影响细胞水平上的味觉感知.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 感官生物学 感官生物学
- 味觉感知是一种味觉感知.
背景情况:
- 温度对味道强度有着深刻的影响,具有显著的生理学,享乐学和商业影响.
- 温度影响味觉和感知的确切机制,特别是味觉和体感系统的作用,尚未完全理解.
- 温度对 II 型味蕾细胞的电活动和底层离子通道功能的影响,这些细胞检测甜味,苦味和乌玛米味道,仍然在很大程度上是未知的.
研究的目的:
- 研究温度对急性隔离的II型味蕾细胞的电刺激性和全细胞导电性的影响.
- 阐明温度敏感的电压门离子通道在调解味觉上的热效应中的作用.
主要方法:
- 利用补丁电生理学来记录单独的II型味蕾细胞的电活动.
- 检查了不同温度对作用电位生成,性能和频率的影响.
- 分析了底层电压关闭的 (Na+) 和 (K+) 通道导电量的温度依赖性特征.
主要成果:
- 证明温度显著改变动作潜力的产生,包括II型味蕾细胞的特性和频率的变化.
- 确定了电压关闭的Na+和K+通道的热敏感性有助于细胞激发能力的温度依赖变化.
- 提供了证据表明,味蕾内的这些细胞机制参与调节基于温度的味觉敏感性和感知.
结论:
- 温度对II型味蕾细胞的电活动有很大的影响,这表明味蕾生理学在热味调节中发挥了直接作用.
- 这些发现突出了电压离子通道特性对温度如何影响味觉的关键贡献.
- 这项研究提供了细胞水平的机制,解释了温度如何影响甜味,苦味和乌玛米味觉的强度.
相关概念视频
Thermosensation
30.5K
Peripheral thermosensation is the perception of external temperature. A change in temperature (on the surface of the skin and other tissues) is detected by a family of temperature-sensitive ion channels called Transient Receptor Potential, or TRP, receptors. These receptors are located on free nerve endings. Those detecting cold temperatures are closer to the surface of the skin than the nerve endings detecting warmth. These thermoTRP channels, while temperature selective, have relatively...
30.5K
The Physiology of Taste
4.0K
The perception of a salty flavor is facilitated by sodium ions within the oral salivary fluid. Upon consumption of a salty substance, salt crystals disassemble, leading to the liberation of its constituents—Na+ and Cl- ions. These ions subsequently dissolve into the salivary fluid present in the oral cavity. The external environment of the gustatory cells experiences an elevation in Na+ concentration, thereby establishing a potent concentration gradient. This gradient propels the...
4.0K
Mechanically-gated Ion Channels
6.5K
Mechanically-gated ion channels are proteins found in eukaryotic and prokaryotic cell membranes that open in response to mechanical stress. Tension, compression, swelling, and shear stress can alter the conformation of the protein, opening a transmembrane channel that allows the passage of ions for signal transmission. In eukaryotes, mechanically-gated channels are distributed in several regions like the neurons, lungs, skin, bladder, and heart, where they play critical roles in numerous...
6.5K
Gustation
48.2K
Gustation is a chemical sense that, along with olfaction (smell), contributes to our perception of taste. It starts with the activation of receptors by chemical compounds (tastants) dissolved in the saliva. The saliva and filiform papillae on the tongue distribute the tastants and increase their exposure to the taste receptors.
48.2K
Action Potentials
131.7K
Overview
131.7K
Action Potential
8.0K
Neurons communicate by firing action potentials—the electrochemical signal that is propagated along the axon. The signal results in the release of neurotransmitters at axon terminals, thereby transmitting information to the nervous system. An action potential is a specific "all-or-none" change in membrane potential that results in a rapid spike in voltage.
Membrane potential in neurons
Neurons typically have a resting membrane potential of about -70 millivolts (mV). When they...
Membrane potential in neurons
Neurons typically have a resting membrane potential of about -70 millivolts (mV). When they...
8.0K


