在晚年儿童,青少年和成年人中,依恋风格和同理心:元分析性审查
Florencia de Sanctis1,2, Belén Mesurado3,2
1Instituto de ciencias para la Familia, Universidad Austral, Mariano Acosta 1611, Buenos Aires, Argentina. Universidad Austral Instituto de ciencias para la Familia Universidad Austral Buenos Aires Argentina.
International journal of psychological research
|June 5, 2023
概括
安全的依恋促进了同理心,而逃避的依恋则阻碍了同理心. 焦虑模糊的依恋和同情之间的联系仍然不清楚,可能是由于个人的复杂情绪状态. 建议进行进一步的研究.
科学领域:
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 社会心理学 社会心理学
背景情况:
- 依恋理论提出了早期关系与成人社会情感功能之间的联系.
- 据假设,安全的依恋可以培养同情心,这对于社会互动和侵略预防至关重要.
- 不安全的依恋风格 (回避,焦虑-模糊) 和同理心之间的关系需要进一步澄清.
研究的目的:
- 进行一项元分析,阐明不同依恋方式与同理心之间的关系.
- 检查从童年后期到成年 (9-47岁) 的广泛年龄段的依恋同情关系.
主要方法:
- 对14项涉及11,542名参与者的研究进行的元分析.
- 包括7项关于回避性依恋的研究 (3,115名参与者) 和8项关于焦虑-双重依恋的研究 (3,479名参与者).
- 统计相关性分析,以确定依恋风格和同理心之间的关系强度和方向.
主要成果:
- 在安全的依恋和同理心之间发现了显著的正相关性.
- 在回避性依恋和同理心之间观察到显著的负相关性.
- 焦虑-模两可的依恋和同理心之间的关系是不确定的,可能是由于情感二元性.
结论:
- 安全的依恋与更高的同理心有关,而避免的依恋与更低的同理心有关.
- 对于焦虑-模两可的依恋的不一致的发现可能源于这种风格的个体的"推拉"情感动态.
- 未来的研究应该探索年龄范围,同理心的多方向性,性别影响,以及各种归属类型 (例如,父母,浪漫).
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