移民对美国乙型肝炎负担的影响:一项建模研究
Devin Razavi-Shearer1, Ivane Gamkrelidze1, Calvin Q Pan2
1Center for Disease Analysis Foundation, 1120 W South Boulder Rd, Suite 102, Lafayette, CO, USA.
Lancet regional health. Americas
|June 5, 2023
概括
美国的乙型肝炎病毒 (HBV) 感染比以前估计的要高,集中在移民人口中. 针对性的查和治疗对于在2030年前实现HBV消除至关重要.
科学领域:
- 肝病学和传染病的研究
- 公共卫生和流行病学
- 移民 卫生 移民 卫生
背景情况:
- 世界卫生大会的目标是到2030年消除乙型肝炎病毒 (HBV) 感染.
- 准确的HBV流行数据,特别是在受移民影响的西方国家,对于有效的消除策略至关重要.
- 在HBV流行率的不确定性阻碍了规划和有针对性的干预措施.
研究的目的:
- 开发一个更准确的估计HBV在美国的流行.
- 确定需要查,接种疫苗和治疗的关键移民人群.
- 预测未来的HBV负担及其对消除目标的影响.
主要方法:
- 利用从1900年起的美国移民数据和国家特定的HBV流行模型.
- 采用动态马尔科夫模型估计HBV感染,死亡率和疾病负担到2030年.
- 在模型中考虑了年龄,性别,移民,新感染和死亡率.
主要成果:
- 2020年,美国估计有180万例HBV感染,超过了国家血清检测数据.
- 乙型肝炎病毒感染集中在移民群体中,82%的病例发生在30-74岁的人群中.
- 预计到2030年,肝病并发症和死亡人数将增加20-31%,如果诊断和治疗率没有提高.
结论:
- 由于移民群体的样本不足,国家血清调查可能低估了总的HBV感染.
- 针对移民的文化适当的查和护理联系计划对于实现世卫组织的HBV消除目标至关重要.
- 如果未能针对移民群体实施有针对性的干预措施,到2030年,美国的HBV消除工作将受到阻碍.
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