关于三层幼儿园儿童疏散行为的实验研究
Yishu Yao1, Wei Lu1, Licheng Wang2
1School of Architecture and Fine Art, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China.
Heliyon
|June 5, 2023
概括
孩子 孩子 孩子 孩子
科学领域:
- 儿童安全工程 儿童安全工程
- 灾难疏散动态 灾难疏散动态
- 步行者行为分析.
背景情况:
- 确保儿童在灾难期间安全,特别是在疏散期间,是一个关键的政策关注点.
- 有限的行为数据存在关于儿童在楼梯上的疏散动态.
- 了解这些行为对于在教育设施中制定有效的安全协议至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查和分析幼儿在演习期间的垂直和水平疏散行为.
- 收集和比较行为数据,包括运动时间,密度,速度和流速.
- 确定多层建筑中儿童和成人疏散模式的关键差异.
主要方法:
- 在位于中国大连的三层幼儿园进行疏散演习.
- 收集了关于儿童在垂直 (楼梯) 和水平 (走廊,大厅) 疏散过程中的运动速度,密度和流量率的定量数据.
- 分析了各种行为参数之间的关系,以了解人群动态.
主要成果:
- 4-6岁儿童的平均垂直疏散速度为0.55 ± 0.12 m/s.
- 儿童的平均水平疏散速度为0.87 ± 0.22 m/s,表现出明显的垂直和水平运动模式.
- 与成人疏散相比,楼梯入口和出口的人群密度和流量比较高,儿童的步行速度较慢.
结论:
- 儿童在楼梯上的疏散行为因年龄组而异.
- 楼梯间接口的密度和流速更高,加上速度更慢,突出了儿童疏散的具体挑战.
- 调查结果为提高多层幼儿园的安全设计,疏散策略和模拟模型提供了宝贵的数据.
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